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solar cycle

The Sun, a round orange orb, is observed through an ultraviolet filter that gives its surface a mottled deep orange look. There are a few prominences along the edge of the circular disk and one loop at around one o’clock, but there are no sunspots visible on the surface.
Posted inNews

Why Did Sunspots Disappear for 70 Years? Nearby Star Holds Clues

by Kimberly M. S. Cartier 10 June 202221 June 2022

Five decades of data revealed a star undergoing a pause in magnetic activity similar to what the Sun experienced almost 400 years ago.

Room full of computer servers, as far as the eye can see
Posted inNews

Accurate Simulation of Sun’s Rotation Might Illuminate Solar Cycle

by Tim Hornyak 8 November 20218 November 2021

Scientists have known for 400 years about a particularity in the way the Sun rotates. It took the world’s most powerful supercomputer to accurately simulate it.

英国布里斯托动物园一种未知树种的生长年轮图片
Posted inResearch Spotlights

树木年轮显示了最新发现的极端太阳活动事件记录

by Morgan Rehnberg 11 August 202128 September 2021

对树木年轮物质的光谱分析表明,碳-14浓度在一年内急剧上升,这与发生在公元前5410年左右的极端太阳高能粒子事件相一致。

A picture showing the growth rings of an unknown tree species at Bristol Zoo in the United Kingdom
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Tree Rings Show Record of Newly Identified Extreme Solar Activity Event

by Morgan Rehnberg 12 July 202128 September 2021

Mass spectroscopy of tree ring material indicates a sharp, single-year rise in carbon-14 concentrations consistent with an extreme solar energetic particle event that occurred around 5410 BCE.

Sunspots seen in February 2013
Posted inEditors' Vox

Hearing the Sun Tock

by C. T. Russell, L. K. Jian and J. G. Luhmann 25 October 201931 May 2022

The appearance of sunspots—their number, duration, and location—suggests that the dynamics of the Sun’s outer layer is synchronized with an internal clock.

An image of the Sun overlaid with magnetic field lines
Posted inNews

Planetary Low Tide May Force Regular Sunspot Sync Ups

by Kimberly M. S. Cartier 21 June 201931 May 2022

A regular alignment of the planets—no, it’s not pseudoscience—makes a strong enough tug to regulate the Sun’s 11- and 22-year cycles.

Space shuttle Endeavour in 2010 with a multihued view of Earth’s atmosphere layers
Posted inResearch Spotlights

The Thermosphere Responds to a Weaker Than Normal Solar Cycle

by Aaron Sidder 5 April 201931 May 2022

Infrared emissions from nitric oxide and carbon dioxide in Earth’s upper atmosphere, which are closely tied to incoming solar radiation, are drastically lower than in the previous solar cycle.

Posted inEditors' Highlights

First Multi-Decade Simulation of the Earth’s Radiation Belt

by P. O’Brien 19 December 201831 May 2022

A new simulation of the Earth’s electron radiation belts captures large-scale variations over nearly three solar cycles, and replicates primary cyclical features and extreme behaviors.

Posted inResearch Spotlights

Increasing Radiation Levels May Challenge Space Exploration

by David Shultz 5 April 201831 May 2022

New research shows that solar radiation levels are growing 10% faster than previously believed and that the radiation environment in space will worsen with time.

Posted inNews

Largest Flare of Past 9 Years Erupts from Sun

by Kimberly M. S. Cartier 8 September 201731 May 2022

A massive flare and blast of charged particles toward Earth may disrupt satellites and communications and push auroras toward lower latitudes through tomorrow, according to space weather experts.

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