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Water masses

Microbes live in hydrothermal systems like this one on the East Pacific Rise.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Hydrothermal Vents May Add Ancient Carbon to Ocean Waters

by Sarah Stanley 7 July 202128 September 2021

Data from a long-distance research cruise provide new insights into carbon cycling in the eastern Pacific and Southern Oceans.

Posted inEditors' Highlights

New Definition of Potential Spicity by the Least Square Method

by L. Zhou 19 November 2018

A thermodynamic function of the potential spicity is defined and it is orthogonal to the potential density in the least square sense.

Ocean water, seen from below the surface, with sunlight beams streaming through.
Posted inEditors' Vox

Potential Spicity: From Abstract Theory to Practical Application

by L. Zhou 16 November 201816 November 2018

A method for estimating potential spicity, a thermodynamic variable in oceanography, provides a new way to describe contrasts in watermass properties.

Posted inEditors' Highlights

Unraveling Hemispheric Ocean Nitrate Supply Pathways

by S. B. Moran 10 April 201810 April 2018

Subsurface measurements of nitrogen and oxygen isotope ratios in nitrate reveal a predominantly southern hemisphere supply of nitrate to the equatorial Pacific.

Posted inEditors' Highlights

Plotting the Pliocene Polar Front

by E. Thomas 29 January 2018

Understanding changing conditions in the south polar oceans during the warm late Pliocene period may help predict the impact of contemporary warming.

Researchers track waters from the Mediterranean where they meet the Black Sea to see how they interact.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Big Storms Pump Mediterranean Water Far into the Black Sea

by Sarah Stanley 11 April 201711 April 2017

For the first time, scientists provide a sea-wide view of what happens to Mediterranean waters that flow into the Black Sea through the Bosporus Strait.

Posted inResearch Spotlights

Deep Ocean Layers Continue to Heat Up

by Kate Wheeling 1 March 2017

Researchers look at more than 3 decades of temperature trends in the deep ocean to understand the layers' energy budgets.

Posted inResearch Spotlights

Underwater Gliders Find Swirling Vortices of Warm, Salty Water

by David Shultz 13 October 201513 October 2015

Vortices formed off the west coast of Sardinia could play a large role in Mediterranean water circulation and mixing and are significant for marine ecosystems and regional climate.

Posted inResearch Spotlights

Large Variability Measured in Kuroshio Current East of Taiwan

by Terri Cook 21 September 201521 September 2015

Ship surveys show that the "Gulf Stream" of the Pacific is not a stable boundary current.

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