Understanding how agriculture and land use affect nutrient flows and concentrations in the vast area of the Great Lakes is an essential step to developing sustainable management strategies.
Editors’ Highlights
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Meshless Methods Tell Us What Lurks Beneath the Surface
Limitations with resolving complex underground targets with sufficiently fine resolution may be alleviated through the adoption of meshless electromagnetic methods.
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Impact of Tropical Cyclones on El Niño-Southern Oscillation
A suite of Earth Systems model experiments is used to explore how tropical cyclones influence the frequency, magnitude, and timing of El Niño-Southern Oscillation events.
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Taking Cloud Microphysics Experiments to the Next Level
Experiments in a cloud chamber have provided valuable insights into microphysical processes and will get more realistic as the height of the chamber increases.
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The Depleted Mantle Merry-Go-Round
Abyssal peridotites show through their isotopic composition a complex history. From differences we can infer the existence of ultra depleted mantle and an uneven contribution to ridge magmatism.
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A Turning Point for Estuaries Worldwide
As estuarine barriers are built in response to sea level rise, flooding, and salinization, more research is needed to better understand their implications for human activities and ecosystems.
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Diapycnal Mixing and the Atlantic Ocean Overturning Circulation
Quantitative observation-based estimates highlight the contribution of diapycnal mixing to the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, water mass formation, and tracer transfers and pathways.
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Delta Degradation Leads to Exacerbated Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Seismic ship surveys and seabed elevation maps of the Yangtze subaqueous delta reveal how the reduction of sediment supply to the coastal ocean can trigger increased greenhouse gas emissions.
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Radar Satellites Capture Subtle Slip Evolution on Faults
A five-year time series from radar satellite imagery tracks surface slip on major faults in the San Francisco Bay Area, capturing subtle velocity variations and controlling factors.
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Updated Reference Standard for Total Solar Irradiance
Version 2 of the Total and Spectral Solar Irradiance Sensor-1 Hybrid Solar Reference Spectrum captures a spectral resolution spanning 0.115-200 micrometers and integrates nearly 100% of the TSI energy.