The mostly unknown Callisto’s H corona is created by a global tenuous H2 atmosphere and not by surface water as previously believed, providing the first evidence for H2 in Callisto’s atmosphere.
Editors’ Highlights
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Using Big Data for Monitoring Network Design and Beyond
Large data sets can be generated using deep learning to improve the design of observation networks for monitoring subsurface flow and transport.
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New Mechanism for “Giant” Greigite Growth in Deep-Sea Sediments
Understanding greigite formation pathways in sediments is a prerequisite for assessing the marine iron-sulfur-carbon cycle and yield reliable near-syn-sedimentary paleomagnetic records.
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Accurate Ocean Tides for Earth System Models
Accurate tide models require self-attraction and loading terms, but can this calculation be done accurately and efficiently for use in global tide and Earth system models?
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Characteristics of the 2021 Pacific Northwest Heatwave
Examining the 2021 Pacific Northwest heatwave using both historical observations and model simulations.
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Understanding Enhanced Arsenic Pollution in Shallow Lakes
A new study explains why the arsenic that has accumulated in lake bottom sediments is more harmful to the lake ecosystems in shallow lakes.
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Extremeness of Seasons Determined by Planetary Motion Parameters
We’ve long known that a planet’s orbital period and tilt determine length and intensity of seasons. We now see rotation rate matters too: max temperature shifts poleward as rotation slows.
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Disentangling River Water Turbidity and its Flow
A new study shows why fine sediments in rivers are not simply proportional to the water flow across the United States.
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Respiration Quotient Variability and Ocean Oxygen Levels
Respiration quotients in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans reflect different water temperature, nutrient stress and phytoplankton community structure, important for regional carbon and oxygen cycling.
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The Lower Humidity of Urban Areas Moderates Outdoor Heat Stress
Data scarcity of traditional observations cannot reveal whether surface temperature capture the potential for urban heat stress. This study improves the dataset with 40,000 citizen weather stations.