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lithosphere

A map showing the elevations of land and ocean floor around the Mariana Trench, a subduction zone in the Pacific Ocean. The trench is shown by the lowest elevations of nearly 11,000 meters (36,000 feet) deep at the southern end.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

The Nature of Mantle Flow May Depend on the Type of Slab Subducting

Sarah Derouin, Science Writer by Sarah Derouin 23 February 202423 February 2024

Researchers tease apart the links between slabs and mantle flow near subduction zones, upending some traditional views of subduction-induced mantle flow.

Diagram from the study.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Law and Order for Friction and Faults: One Law to Rule Them All

by Peter Zeitler 19 January 202418 January 2024

Faults are made of complex materials with complex behaviors, and having a single model that can predict these behaviors is an advance in understanding deformation and the earthquake cycle.

Depiction of the of the “melt-percolation barrier” model from the paper.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Do Some Cratons Have Soggy Bottoms?

by Peter Zeitler 8 January 20248 January 2024

Long-persistent stable cratons bear much of the deep-time geologic record, and a new study combines seismic and petrological data to reveal how interactions with mantle fluids can shape their evolution.

Diagram from the study
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Piecing Together the Roots of the Ancient Australian Continent

by Paul Asimow 25 October 202326 October 2023

Mineral compositions from numerous volcanic rocks that sample the mantle keel beneath Western Australia’s Kimberley Craton reveal the temperature and mineralogy that explain its long-lived stability.

A reef teems with life in shallow water.
Posted inNews

Shifts in Tectonic Plates Change Biodiversity

by Danielle Beurteaux 19 September 202319 September 2023

A 36-million-year cycle of marine biodiversity booms and busts matches the movements of plate tectonics, linking what happens deep below the ocean to what’s happening in it.

Diagrams showing lithospheric stretching with rifting.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Uncovering Mantle Heterogeneities Beneath Drifting Continents

by Fabio A. Capitanio 11 September 20236 September 2023

Computational models of the composition and volumes of magmas during continental rifting evolution provide clues on the heterogeneities of the deep melting mantle.

A picture of Ireland and Britain taken from space
Posted inNews

The Mysterious Case of Ireland’s Missing Earthquakes

by Elise Cutts 23 June 202323 June 2023

The Emerald Isle has far fewer earthquakes than neighboring Britain. Now scientists think they know why.

Three-dimensional wireframe representation of Earth with a red spotted sphere in the center. The continents are shown in turquoise, and yellow lines radiate from a point on the bottom left continent.
Posted inNews

Mounds of Ancient Ocean Floor May Be Hiding Deep in Earth

Tim Hornyak, Science Writer by Tim Hornyak 13 June 20234 August 2023

A mysterious seismic feature at the bottom of Earth’s mantle is more widespread than previously thought.

Image depicting Viscosity estimates for the mantle underneath Greenland.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

4D Viscosity Constraints from Greenland 

by Thorsten Becker 28 March 202311 April 2023

The mantle’s resistance to flow appears different for glacial and plate tectonic timescales but this behavior can be reconciled with new thermo-mechanical models of the asthenosphere.

一个球形海底地震仪下降到海面
Posted inResearch Spotlights

小尺度对流搅动大洋岩石圈

Sarah Derouin, Science Writer by Sarah Derouin 6 March 20236 March 2023

海底扩张将岩石圈矿物组织成一个晶格,但小规模的对流混杂在最内层。

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