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planetary atmospheres

A brownish and gray image of the ringed planet Saturn appears against a black background, with portions of its northern hemisphere and rings overlain with colorful new spacecraft images.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

James Webb Space Telescope Captures Saturn’s Changing Seasons

Sarah Stanley, Science Writer by Sarah Stanley 28 September 202328 September 2023

Unprecedented images reveal how Saturn’s atmosphere is evolving as summertime winds down in its northern hemisphere.

A bright yellow circle on a purple background. The circle is surrounded by wispy tails of orange-red clouds coming from a small yellow circle on the left of the image.
Posted inNews

A Planet Is Dramatically Losing Its Atmosphere

Katherine Kornei, Science Writer by Katherine Kornei 24 July 202324 July 2023

Helium that was once part of the atmosphere of the extrasolar planet HAT-P-32b is being ripped away and forming two giant streamers of gas several million kilometers long.

Roughly 20 people stand amid sand dunes under a clear blue sky and near a metal framework equipped with scientific instruments.
Posted inScience Updates

The Nitty-Gritty Forces That Shape Planetary Surfaces

by Brian Jackson, Serina Diniega, Timothy Titus, Alejandro Soto and Edgard Rivera-Valentin 15 June 202315 June 2023

Scientists are coming up with ingenious ways to compare terrestrial sand dunes, dust storms, and rain with their counterparts on Mars and Titan.

A satellite image of the surface of Mars showing snaking channels and other water-sculpted features
Posted inNews

Asteroid Impacts Could Have Warmed Ancient Mars

Katherine Kornei, Science Writer by Katherine Kornei 17 April 202317 April 2023

Hydrogen released during large impacts might have boosted Mars’s surface temperature above freezing for thousands or even millions of years, enabling liquid water to flow over the Red Planet.

Two graphs from the paper with temperature on the x-axis and pressure on the y-axis.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Unprecedented Constraint on the Martian Mesopause Temperature

by Jun Cui 11 January 202318 January 2023

The middle atmosphere of Mars is a critical region influenced by both waves from below and solar radiation from above, but until now there have been very few observational constraints on this region.

Diagram showing the molecular hydrogen in Callisto’s atmosphere.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Callisto’s H Corona: Offspring of the Surface or the Atmosphere?

by Beatriz Sanchez-Cano and Anni Määttänen 7 December 202219 January 2023

The mostly unknown Callisto’s H corona is created by a global tenuous H2 atmosphere and not by surface water as previously believed, providing the first evidence for H2 in Callisto’s atmosphere.

Four graphs from the paper.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Ozone, Water Vapor and Temperature: It’s a Complex Relation

by Germán Martinez 28 September 202227 September 2022

Solar occultation observations from the ACS/MIR instrument provide coincident profiles of O3, H2O and temperature, shedding light on correlations and unveiling knowledge gaps in Mars’s photochemistry.

Uranus and Neptune as seen by Voyager 2
Posted inResearch Spotlights

A Unified Atmospheric Model for Uranus and Neptune

by Morgan Rehnberg 1 August 20221 August 2022

In a new model, three substantial atmospheric layers appear consistent between the ice giants.

The dark blue orb of Neptune is viewed by Voyager 2 at an upward angle from the south pole. A dark navy storm spot, the Great Dark Spot, is just to the right of the center of the planet, and white high-altitude clouds are scattered around the planet.
Posted inNews

Diagnosing Neptune’s Chilly Summer

Kimberly M. S. Cartier, News Writing and Production Intern for Eos.org by Kimberly M. S. Cartier 28 April 202228 April 2022

A pandemic project analyzing a trove of infrared images revealed an unexplained phenomenon taking place in Neptune’s atmosphere.

An aerial image of the windswept surface of Mars. The ground is rusty red with blacker sediment curling across the image in the form of dunes. A dusting of white snow accentuates the ridges of large and small scale dunes.
Posted inNews

Mars’s Dust Cycle Controls Its Polar Vortex and Snowfall

Kimberly M. S. Cartier, News Writing and Production Intern for Eos.org by Kimberly M. S. Cartier 1 April 20221 April 2022

On Earth, the water cycle is a dominant climate force. On Mars, it’s the dust.

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EDITORS' VOX
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“What We Know and Don’t Know About Climate Tipping Elements”
By Seaver Wang

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