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Michael A. Hapgood

Editor, Space Weather

A graphical representation of the path from science to applications, using a sequence of nine Application Usability Levels
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Highlighting the Path from Space Weather Science to Applications

by Michael A. Hapgood 20 March 202031 January 2022

The transition of space weather science from research to operations needs a framework with both good science and a good dialogue with end users.

Man-made objects larger than 10 centimeters in Earth orbit as of July 2009
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Space Traffic Management: Better Space Weather Forecasts Needed

by Michael A. Hapgood 27 February 202013 October 2021

Better forecasts of space-weather driven changes in thermospheric density are urgently needed to ensure safe management of the rapidly growing volume of space traffic in low Earth orbit.

Graph showing an example of very-low frequency signal phase response to solar X-ray emissions over a 24-hour period
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Using Earth’s Atmosphere as a Solar Flare Monitor

by Michael A. Hapgood 28 January 202027 January 2022

Measurements of very-low frequency radio signal phase and amplitude can detect upper atmosphere changes caused by solar flares, enabling us to monitor flare occurrence and intensity.

Plane flying into sunset
Posted inEditors' Vox

Space Weather Aviation Forecasting on a Global Scale

by D. J. Knipp and Michael A. Hapgood 14 October 201913 October 2021

Under a new mandate, consortia of the world’s major space weather centers will disseminate new space-weather advisories for civil aviators representing a significant change-of-state for space weather.

Screenshot of the control panel of the CAT-HI tool
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Looking Away from the Sun: Improved Tracking of Solar Storms

by Michael A. Hapgood 17 September 201913 October 2021

A new tool for tracking coronal mass ejections away from the Sun opens a path toward more accurate warnings for operators who have to cope with adverse space weather.

Graph showing adjacent periods of enhanced and reduced geomagnetic activity as experienced by the Czech electric power grid
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Space Weather Drives Power Grid Anomalies in Europe

by Michael A. Hapgood 28 August 201913 October 2021

A retrospective cohort analysis of anomalies on the Czech power grid shows they are more common during enhanced geomagnetic activity, the first time such impacts have been identified outside the USA.

Posted inEditors' Highlights

Can Moderate Space Weather Have Major Impacts?

by Michael A. Hapgood 22 February 201912 October 2022

Pipeline corrosion is an example of why we need better awareness of how long-term exposure to moderate space weather may have significant economic impact by slowly degrading vulnerable systems.

Map of the Italian power grid
Posted inEditors' Highlights

A Space Weather Threat in the Mediterranean Region?

by Michael A. Hapgood 29 January 201913 October 2021

The impact of space weather on power grids in Mediterranean countries, such as Italy, needs deeper assessment, including consideration of coastal effects, ground conductivity, and failure reports.

Posted inEditors' Highlights

Seeing Waves: GNSS Tracking of Waves in the Upper Atmosphere

by Michael A. Hapgood 8 October 201813 April 2022

Dense GNSS networks enable scientists to track large-scale waves traveling through the upper atmosphere, away from sources in the auroral zone and the day/night terminator.

Posted inEditors' Highlights

Forecasting the Threat from the Sun

by Michael A. Hapgood 3 August 201820 May 2022

Ensemble techniques are opening a path toward space weather forecasts that give deeper understanding of the risk posed by each solar storm that approaches our planet.

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