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basalts

Satellite image of ancient lava flows on Mars
Posted inNews

This One Simple Trick Helps Us Understand How Much Water Is in Martian Lavas

Erik Klemetti, Science Writer by Erik Klemetti 24 August 202216 September 2022

Understanding how much water is in Martian magma is vital for understanding whether the Red Planet had seas in its early history.

A diagram and a graph showing how ocean island eruptions are much more likely to exhibit SO2 degassing and deformation.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Why Do Arc Volcanoes Deform Less Than Ocean Island Volcanoes?

by Paul Asimow 15 August 202215 November 2022

Volcanic ground deformation is not simply correlated with erupted volume. Researchers propose that high concentrations of magmatic volatiles make systems more compressible and suppress deformation.

An artist’s impression of planet formation: Close to the star, dust particles grow into planetesimals and Earth-like planets. Farther away, gas accretes on planetary cores to create Jupiter-like giants.
Posted inNews

Krypton Isotopes Provide New Clues to Planets’ Pasts

by Carolyn Wilke 4 May 202217 March 2023

To trace how crucial ingredients for life arrived at Earth, scientists track noble gases. Now, improved methods are drawing new clues from krypton, the most cryptic of noble gases.

A river of molten lava flows across a steaming black basalt landscape. The river flows from a volcanic rift near the top right of the image toward the bottom left. The fissure is filled with brighter and hotter lava and steam and gas billows up from it. The sky on the horizon is a hazy blue-gray.
Posted inNews

The Surprising Greenhouse Gas That Caused Volcanic Summer

Kimberly M. S. Cartier, News Writing and Production Intern for Eos.org by Kimberly M. S. Cartier 21 March 202212 April 2022

Extended periods of volcanism known as flood basalt eruptions lead to volcanic winters, which are often followed by an extended period of warming. But it was more than just carbon dioxide that warmed the globe.

Dry Falls located at the head of Grand Coulee
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Western U.S. “Megafloods” Might Not Have Been So Mega

by Rebecca Dzombak 3 February 20223 February 2022

The flooding that carved eastern Washington State 20,000 to 12,000 years ago could have been 80% smaller than the canyons’ volume today.

Roman ruins in the ancient city of Volubilis, Morocco
Posted inNews

Roman-Era Millstone and Mixer Makers Knew Their Rocks

by Carolyn Wilke 18 November 202128 March 2023

The geochemistry of basalt millstones and mixers from the city of Volubilis suggests a local origin—and that rocks were picked for specific purposes, from crushing olives to mixing dough.

Two world maps with colored dots and stars denoting maximum mantle temperatures retrieved by the RevPET algorithm for the basaltic melts from the global submarine mid-ocean ridge system.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

A Novel Thermobarometer to Infer Mantle Melting Conditions

by Susanne Straub 16 September 20214 August 2023

The algorithm RevPET automatically reverses the complex multi-phase fractional crystallization path of oceanic basalts and offers new perspectives for advancing mantle thermobarometry.

Cartoon showing a map view of the top of a subducting plate modeled on present day subduction at Nankai in southwest Japan
Posted inEditors' Highlights

A Mechanism for Shallow, Slow Earthquakes in Subduction Zones

by U. Faul 30 July 202018 January 2022

Slow earthquakes beneath the accretionary prism updip from the locked portion of a subduction zone can be caused by basaltic blocks embedded in a shale matrix.

Hellisheiði Geothermal Power Station with steam plumes sitting amid green hills
Posted inNews

Basalts Turn Carbon into Stone for Permanent Storage

Kimberly M. S. Cartier, News Writing and Production Intern for Eos.org by Kimberly M. S. Cartier 20 March 202022 November 2021

Scientists have shown that mineral carbonation can permanently capture and store carbon quickly enough and safely enough to rise to the challenge of climate change.

Marius Hills Pit
Posted inNews

Lunar Lava Tubes Could Offer Future Moon Explorers a Safe Haven

JoAnna Wendel, freelance science writer and illustrator by JoAnna Wendel 24 March 201726 January 2022

Scientists find evidence that a 50-meter-deep pit on the Moon's surface could be a skylight opening to an intact lava tube tens of kilometers long.

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Features from AGU Publications

Research Spotlights

Proposed Experiment Could Clarify Origin of Martian Methane

12 May 202512 May 2025
Editors' Highlights

First Benchmarking System of Global Hydrological Models

7 May 20257 May 2025
Editors' Vox

Decoding Crop Evapotranspiration

6 May 20256 May 2025
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