Ocean alkalinity plays a major role in ocean’s carbon uptake, in buffering, and in calcium carbonate production and dissolution, and it impacts and is affected by various biogeochemical processes.
Reviews of Geophysics
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The Global Geomagnetic Field of the Past Hundred Thousand Years
Global data compilations and the production of time-varying paleomagnetic field models over the past hundred thousand years provide insights into geomagnetic field evolution.
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Mysterious Engine of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation
Understanding the fundamental physics of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation, a phenomenon that occurs over the Indian and Pacific Oceans, remains a challenge in tropical atmospheric research.
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Is Climate Variability Organized?
Most climate variability is organized by a simple principle—scaling laws—allowing us to understand past and future climate change.
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Removal of Ozone Air Pollution by Terrestrial Ecosystems
Tropospheric ozone is removed at Earth’s surface through uptake by plant stomata and other nonstomatal deposition pathways, with impacts on air pollution, ecosystem health, and climate.
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From Blowing Wind to Running Water: Unifying Sediment Transport
Laboratory experiments and grain-scale computer simulations during the past decade have led to a more universal understanding of flow-driven sediment transport across flows in oil, water, and air.
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Methane’s Rising: What Can We Do to Bring It Down?
Reducing methane emissions is critical for addressing climate warming, but which are the easiest and most cost-effective ways to do this?
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Imaging Seismic Sources
Waveform‐based location methods are being used to better characterize and understand seismic sources from the laboratory to the global scale.
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Where Do Natural Gas Hydrates Come from and Why Should We Care?
A new generation of models, laboratory, and field studies is helping scientists answer important questions about this mysterious substance.
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Insights from Space: Satellite Observations of Arctic Change
New satellite instruments and data, plus a more comprehensive observing network, are key to increasing our understanding of past and future change in the Arctic Boreal Zone.