As climate change continues, parts of the Earth system such as ice sheets, frozen soils, or the Amazon rainforest could shift—some quickly, some slowly—after crossing key thresholds or tipping points.
Reviews of Geophysics
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Quantification of Subaerial Volcanism and its Products
Researchers estimate the mass of volcanic products that erupted above sea level from 1980 to 2019 by volcanoes worldwide and the average eruptive rates of each magmatic province.
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Why Tropical Forests Are Important for Our Well-Being
Tropical forests play a critical role in supporting human well-being, food security, and the maintenance of biodiversity.
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The Seven-Ages of Earth as Seen Through the Continental Lens
The 4.5-billion-year record contained in Earth’s continental crust reveals a seven-phase evolution, from an initial magma ocean to the present-day environment in which we live.
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The International Reference Ionosphere – A Model Ionosphere
An accurate and reliable description of Earth’s ionosphere is of critical importance because of our increased reliance on satellite technology and the significant impact the ionosphere has on it.
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Rare and Revealing: Radiocarbon in Service of Paleoceanography
While radiocarbon is best known as a dating tool, this rare isotope can also provide unique and wide-ranging insights into the cycling of carbon in the Earth system.
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Fantastic Ice-Nucleating Particles and How to Find Them
Recent advances in measurements and models are paving the way to transform fundamental understanding and simulation of ice-nucleating particles and their climate impacts.
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Widespread “Forever Chemicals” in Subsurface Environments
Massive use of materials containing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in commercial and industrial sectors has led to their widespread occurrence in subsurface environments.
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Bank Retreat Controls River and Estuary Morphodynamics
Understanding and predicting the geomorphological response of fluvial and tidal channels to bank retreat underpins the robust management of water courses and the protection of wetlands.
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Global Seismic Networks: Recording the Heartbeat of the Earth
Global broadband seismographic networks have provided the science community with 30 years of data which is being used to understand the Earth.