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unsolved mysteries

In this digital illustration, three small rocky planets orbit a pulsar. One planet is large in the foreground and has a polar aurora and cratered surface. The other two are smaller in the background. A pulsar appears at top left in the image and is depicted as a bright white point source emitting white beams at 5 o’clock and 11 o’clock. Purple and green loops and swirls surround the point of light and represent the strong magnetic field of a pulsar.
Posted inNews

Pulsar Planets Are Exceedingly Rare

Kimberly M. S. Cartier, News Writing and Production Intern for Eos.org by Kimberly M. S. Cartier 16 August 202216 August 2022

A new survey of hundreds of pulsars could help solve the mystery of why planets exist around these dead stars.

Red hot magma flows from within Earth to the surface at Hawaii’s Kīlauea volcano.
Posted inNews

Earth’s Lower Mantle Is Drier Than Previously Thought

by Saima May Sidik 11 August 20224 August 2023

Scientists have long known that the two layers of Earth’s mantle have different chemical compositions. Now, modeling shows that different water concentrations may keep them from mixing.

Scientists ride a boat on a lake in Greenland.
Posted inNews

Evidence of Drought Provides Clues to a Viking Mystery

Korena Di Roma Howley, Science Writer by Korena Di Roma Howley 4 August 202224 March 2023

A persistent drying trend, not plunging temperatures, may have played a role in the unexplained disappearance of Norse settlers from Greenland, according to researchers.

A collage of Martian valley networks superimposed with channels on Earth. The shapes of the channels appear to be almost identical.
Posted inNews

Martian Glaciers May Have Carved Its Valleys

Nola Taylor Redd, Science Writer by Nola Taylor Tillman 2 August 20222 August 2022

Networks of valleys provide puzzling hints of running water on the surface of the Red Planet. New research suggests that some tributaries could have formed from icy sheets thousands of meters thick.

Uranus and Neptune as seen by Voyager 2
Posted inResearch Spotlights

A Unified Atmospheric Model for Uranus and Neptune

by Morgan Rehnberg 1 August 20221 August 2022

In a new model, three substantial atmospheric layers appear consistent between the ice giants.

Artistic rendition of Earth with a section removed, exposing yellow, orange, and red layers
Posted inNews

Earth’s Wobbly Inner Core Illuminated by Nuclear Explosions

by Jennifer Schmidt 21 July 20221 August 2022

Shock waves from Cold War era nuclear tests gave seismologists a glimpse of the inner core. Its wobbly rotation could explain phenomena such as the periodic change in the length of a day.

A small fragment of rock, part of a meteorite from the planet Mars.
Posted inNews

Flipping the Sequence of Martian Formation

Damond Benningfield, Science Writer by Damond Benningfield 15 July 202219 July 2022

Analysis of the Chassigny meteorite suggests the planet acquired most of its interior volatiles from meteorites, not from the solar nebula.

Close-up of an outcrop of an eclogite from the Monviso area of Italy showing a vug, or hole, containing red garnet crystals and green pyroxene crystals.
Posted inNews

Holey Eclogite!

by Alka Tripathy-Lang 1 July 202215 November 2022

Scientists have found holes filled with minerals that indicate fluid-filled pores exist many tens of kilometers below Earth’s surface. But no, The Core fans, you still can’t get amethyst-laden geodes in the mantle.

Diagram showing the key interactions between reservoirs of the global carbon cycle.
Posted inEditors' Vox

Mysteries of the Global Carbon Cycle

by David Crisp, Han Dolman, Toste Tanhua, Galen A. McKinley, Judith Hauck, Ana Bastos and Stephen Sitch 22 June 202221 July 2022

Less than half of the anthropogenic carbon dioxide remains in the atmosphere to drive climate change. The rest is being removed by mysterious processes in the land, biosphere, and ocean.

The Sun, a round orange orb, is observed through an ultraviolet filter that gives its surface a mottled deep orange look. There are a few prominences along the edge of the circular disk and one loop at around one o’clock, but there are no sunspots visible on the surface.
Posted inNews

Why Did Sunspots Disappear for 70 Years? Nearby Star Holds Clues

Kimberly M. S. Cartier, News Writing and Production Intern for Eos.org by Kimberly M. S. Cartier 10 June 202227 March 2023

Five decades of data revealed a star undergoing a pause in magnetic activity similar to what the Sun experienced almost 400 years ago.

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Features from AGU Publications

Research Spotlights

Proposed Experiment Could Clarify Origin of Martian Methane

12 May 202512 May 2025
Editors' Highlights

First Benchmarking System of Global Hydrological Models

7 May 20257 May 2025
Editors' Vox

Decoding Crop Evapotranspiration

6 May 20256 May 2025
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