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Matthew R. Francis

Illustration of two large, cratered rocks in the foreground right. Another rock is seen in the distance to the left. The black background of space shows the hazy Sun and zodiacal light due to dust in the solar system, as well as scattered distant stars. The words “Artist’s Concept” appear in gray at the bottom left.
Posted inNews

Distant Icy Twins Might Actually Be Triplets

by Matthew R. Francis 18 April 202518 April 2025

The trans-Neptunian object Altjira, 44 times farther from the Sun than Earth is, could be the second known trinary, confirming a theory about the formation of our solar system.

A shiny vehicle with sled skids and four pairs of helicopter-like blades flies over reddish sand dunes.
Posted inFeatures

A Dragonfly for Titan

by Matthew R. Francis 14 February 202514 February 2025

A new eight-rotor robotic probe will head to the solar system’s most Earth-like moon. Here’s what its team is doing to prepare.

A metal pole with a small gray-green dome, anchored to bare rock. Glacial ice is visible in the background.
Posted inNews

Greenland Ice Sheet Stores Hidden Water Throughout the Melt Season

by Matthew R. Francis 19 December 202419 December 2024

A new method uses stations around Greenland’s coast to measure how much meltwater weighs down the bedrock beneath the ice, improving our understanding of its contribution to sea level rise.

The dusty, dark gray surface of the Moon, with bootprints around a light-colored apparatus. The dark reflective face of the apparatus is angled slightly upward.
Posted inNews

The Relatively Messy Problem with Lunar Clocks

by Matthew R. Francis 14 November 202414 November 2024

Using Einstein’s theory of general relativity, physicists found that clocks on the Moon would run 56 microseconds faster than clocks on Earth. That finding will help future lunar missions navigate.

Two drawings by astronomer Johannes Kepler of circles with black dots indicating sunspots
Posted inNews

Kepler’s Drawings Might Reveal When the Sunspots Disappeared

by Matthew R. Francis 3 September 20243 September 2024

Johannes Kepler’s landmark 1607 sunspot observations may have been made at the end of the solar cycle, helping constrain the start of the Maunder Minimum.

Aerial view of the Arecibo radio telescope, a large light-colored dish set into the ground, surrounded by trees.
Posted inFeatures

Saving the Planet with Radar Astronomy

by Matthew R. Francis 19 July 202419 July 2024

Once the largest telescope in the world, Arecibo kept watch for dangerous asteroids using radar. With it gone, the world is preparing the next generation of radar observatories.

Colored lines in a spiral pattern overlay a plain white sphere.
Posted inNews

Spiral Waves May Explain the Sun’s Baffling Rotation

by Matthew R. Francis 29 May 202429 May 2024

New observations and models show a connection between high-latitude waves in the Sun’s interior and the different rates of spin between the solar equator and poles.

A bright point of light surrounded by rings, rendered in red
Posted inNews

Did a Cosmic Explosion Make the Ionosphere Dance?

by Matthew R. Francis 8 January 20248 January 2024

Researchers have linked a 2022 gamma ray burst to a disturbance in the upper atmosphere, but proving the connection highlights the problems with this kind of measurement.

An image of Mars.
Posted inNews

Five Martian Mysteries That Have Scientists Scratching Their Heads

by Matthew R. Francis 2 November 20232 November 2023

Despite centuries of study and many spacecraft visits, the Red Planet still holds secrets. Here are just a few.

Sunlight shines through plumes of ice crystals and dust grains jetting from a gray sphere.
Posted inNews

Essential Ingredient for Life Found on Enceladus

by Matthew R. Francis 27 July 202327 July 2023

Icy plumes from Saturn’s moon Enceladus contain phosphorus, part of the biochemistry of life—the first time the element has been found in a liquid environment beyond Earth.

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Features from AGU Publications

Research Spotlights

Mapping the Ocean Floor with Ancient Tides

6 May 20256 May 2025
Editors' Highlights

First Benchmarking System of Global Hydrological Models

7 May 20257 May 2025
Editors' Vox

Decoding Crop Evapotranspiration

6 May 20256 May 2025
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