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aurorae

Posted inEditors' Highlights

Citizen Scientists Observe Mysterious Green Streaks Below STEVE

by Mary Hudson 9 November 202015 March 2023

Citizen scientists provided images of sub-auroral STEVE (Strong Thermal Emission Velocity Enhancements) showing fine-scale green features with narrow streaks propagating poleward toward STEVE.

Plot showing the monthly averaged column abundances of Nickel as a function of season and month, simulated by the WACCM-Ni model
Posted inEditors' Highlights

First Model of Meteoric Nickel in the Upper Atmosphere

by Michael P. Hickey 31 August 202016 March 2023

A layer of nickel of cosmic origin, which exists between 80 and 110 km high in Earth’s atmosphere, has been modeled for the first time, including dynamics and complex neutral and ion chemistry.

A composite false-color image of aurora over the southern polar region in July 2013
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Power Outage When the Aurora Throws a Curve Ball

by Andrew Yau 7 July 202013 October 2021

Omega-band aurora carries fast propagating electric currents in the azimuthal direction, producing geomagnetically induced currents that can cause power outage on the ground beneath.

Dune-shaped optical features captured by digital photography in Latilla, Finland
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Skywatchers Spy Rippling Waves in the Northern Lights

by Mary Hudson 28 January 202014 February 2022

Not to be outdone by the discovery of STEVE sub-auroral emissions last year, citizen scientists across Scandinavia reveal dune-shaped optical features, a new atmospheric phenomenon.

A purple and red curtain aurora provides a backdrop to the silhouette of a forest.
Posted inNews

Ancient Assyrian Aurorae Help Astronomers Understand Solar Activity

Mara Johnson-Groh, Science Writer by Mara Johnson-Groh 31 December 201915 September 2025

Records of aurorae in Mesopotamia from 2,600 years ago are helping astronomers understand and predict solar activity today.

A difference image revealing the main features of Jupiter’s aurora
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Using a Machine to Help Us Learn About Jupiter’s Aurora

by Michael W. Liemohn 9 December 201927 January 2022

A first usage of principal component analysis on Hubble images of Jupiter’s auroral ovals reveals the most common patterns, and machine learning classification reveals their physical causes.

Jupiter’s aurora captured by the Hubble Space Telescope
Posted inNews

Computers Tease Out Secrets of Jupiter’s Aurorae

Nola Taylor Redd, Science Writer by Nola Taylor Tillman 21 November 201910 February 2023

Aurorae once classified by human eyes are now being sorted by machines. The change may help astronomers understand how the mysterious features are powered.

Observed ion energy and time-of-flight spectra in Jupiter's northern and southern hemisphere
Posted inEditors' Highlights

First Inside Look at Hot and Cold Ions in Jupiter’s Ionosphere

by Andrew Yau 23 September 201911 August 2022

The first in-situ ion observations from NASA’s Juno spacecraft reveal the surprising, simultaneous presence of cold protons and hot oxygen and sulfur ions in the high-latitude ionosphere of Jupiter.

Aurora over Lofoten, Norway
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Data Mining Reveals the Dynamics of Auroral Substorms

by Mark Zastrow 31 May 201916 November 2021

An analysis of 5 decades of satellite data has pieced together the most comprehensive picture yet of substorms, the magnetic disturbances that cause surges of aurora.

JIRAM camera on the Juno spacecraft captured Jupiter’s infrared aurora near its southern pole
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Jupiter’s Northern Lights on Display in Otherworldly Movie

Aaron Sidder, freelance science writer by Aaron Sidder 26 April 201914 February 2022

The first movie of Jupiter’s infrared aurora gives scientists a new look at the Jovian magnetic field.

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