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Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems

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A diagram and a graph showing how ocean island eruptions are much more likely to exhibit SO2 degassing and deformation.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Why Do Arc Volcanoes Deform Less Than Ocean Island Volcanoes?

by Paul Asimow 15 August 202215 November 2022

Volcanic ground deformation is not simply correlated with erupted volume. Researchers propose that high concentrations of magmatic volatiles make systems more compressible and suppress deformation.

Two phase diagrams calculated by (a) Perple_X and (b) the new MAGEMin software.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

A New, Fast Computational Tool for Magmatic Phase Equilibria

by Paul Asimow 11 August 202222 December 2022

Thermodynamic calculations in multiphase, multicomponent magmatic systems can be slow and buggy. A new parallel architecture solves the free energy minimization problem much faster than alternatives.

A representation of the “plumbing system” underneath a volcano, with multiple reservoirs at different depths in the crust where magma may be stored.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Machine Learning Helps See into a Volcano’s Depths

by Paul Asimow 27 April 202215 November 2022

How big might future volcanic eruptions be? Crystals carry information to answer this and machine learning methods can visualize and interpret this multidimensional data.

A back-scattered electron image of an experimental charge showing a miniaturized model of the core-mantle boundary equilibrated at pressure-temperature conditions thought to prevail during core formation.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

New Results Deepen the Mystery of Earth’s Early Magnetic Field

by Carolina Lithgow-Bertelloni 14 April 202214 March 2023

How was Earth’s early magnetic field produced? New experimental results and modeling show that the energy source could not have come from exsolution of lithophile elements from the core.

Dynamic topography in the Banda arc and Weber Deep.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Transient Mantle Flow Triggers Morphotectonic Activity in Asia

by Claudio Faccenna 8 April 20224 August 2023

Changes in mantle dynamics following the Australian collision in southeast Asia triggered fast and intense morphotectonic activity at the surface.

Photograph of The Great Unconformity visible in The Grand Canyon
Posted inEditors' Highlights

The Great Unconformities?

by Peter van der Beek 3 August 20219 December 2022

New thermochronology data and thermal history modeling from the Canadian Shield show that the Great Unconformity formed there later than elsewhere in North America and may represent another event.

Loading an instrument for clumped-isotope analysis
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Carbonate Standards Ensure Better Paleothermometers

by Jack Lee 1 June 20219 November 2021

A community effort finds that carbonate standards eliminate the interlaboratory differences plaguing carbonate clumped-isotope thermometry studies.

Rectangular to hexagonally shaped orange, blue, and white crystals on a black background. Crystals have concentric growth zones of varying colors.
Posted inNews

A New Tool May Make Geological Microscopy Data More Accessible

Richard Sima, freelance science writer by Richard J. Sima 27 May 20214 January 2023

PiAutoStage can automatically digitize and send microscope samples to students and researchers on the cheap and from a distance.

Two plots comparing seasonal variability in mussel stable isotope values from the periostracum with measured suspended particulate organic matter, used to reconstruct the isotopic composition of suspended particulate organic matter.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Tracking Excess Nitrogen with Freshwater Mussels

by Branwen Williams 30 April 20218 March 2023

Mussel shell periostracum and carbonate bound organic matter document seasonal variability in the isotopic composition of riverine suspended particulate organic matter.

The new heat-flow map of Antarctica.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Taking the Temperature of Antarctica’s Crust

by Sergei Lebedev 15 March 202128 March 2023

How do you measure the geothermal heat flux in a continent covered by an ice-sheet? A new study uses correlations of diverse global observables and produces a heat flow map of the entire Antarctica.

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3 December 20253 December 2025
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