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Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems

Researchers examine New Zealand’s Alpine Fault as it nears the end of its seismic cycle.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Alteration Along the Alpine Fault Helps Build Seismic Strain

by Terri Cook 7 March 201724 March 2023

Detailed analysis of cores drilled through New Zealand's most dangerous on-land fault indicates that its permeability and strength are altered by mineral precipitation between seismic events.

Researchers trace boron in fluids released by subducting slabs to assess how tectonic plates and ocean waters interact at subduction zones.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Fingerprinting the Source of Fore-Arc Fluids

by Terri Cook 9 February 20178 February 2023

A new model tracks boron and other tracers in fluids expelled from subducting slabs to help identify the fluids' source regions and migration routes.

Drilling reveals the mechanics at play behind an ancient eruption.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Deep Drilling Reveals Puzzling History of Campi Flegrei Caldera

by A. Branscombe 1 February 20172 May 2022

Results show that caldera collapse attributed to a super eruption almost 40,000 years ago was smaller than what scientists expected. So what might have really happened?

Studying volcanic eruptions in Iceland lends insight into the mantle temperature below.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

A Significantly Hotter Mantle Beneath Iceland

by Terri Cook 18 November 201622 December 2021

Estimates of crystallization temperatures from four eruptions in northern Iceland offer improved constraints on the mantle's temperature beneath this anomalous divergent plate boundary.

seismology-model-study-subduction-zone-characteristics
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Seismological Models Are Biased, but Scientists Have a Solution

by S. Hall 26 September 201629 September 2016

Many seismic wave models are based on an erroneous assumption about the Earth's interior. A new technique corrects this by eliminating false signals produced by models.

aoraki-mount-cook-new-zealand-alpine-fault
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Revising the Displacement History of New Zealand's Alpine Fault

by Terri Cook 22 July 201624 March 2023

A reinterpretation of structural and paleomagnetic data suggests that New Zealand's Alpine Fault accommodates a far greater percentage of geologically recent plate motion than previously thought.

Sulfuric lake Kawah Ijen was used to study volcanic activity.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

A New Tool to Better Forecast Volcanic Unrest

by S. Hall 8 July 20161 November 2022

In a retrospective study of volcanic unrest at Indonesia's Kawah Ijen, a new model was able to pick up on the rising probability of eruption 2 months before authorities were aware of the risk.

18 July 2013 eruption of Sakurajima volcano in Japan.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Japan's Volcanic History, Hidden Under the Sea

by W. Yan 24 June 20166 December 2021

Scientists investigate marine tephra layers for clues to Japan's volcanic past.

An artist’s rendition of Kepler-186f, an Earth-size planet in the habitable zone of a distant solar system.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Becoming Habitable in the Habitable Zone

by Sarah Stanley 29 April 20163 May 2022

Scientists explore how interactions between a rocky planet's climate, mantle, and core can affect its evolution and determine whether it could sustain life.

Posted inResearch Spotlights

The Role of Water in Earth's Tectonic Plumbing Systems

by Kate Wheeling 19 April 20166 October 2021

Tidal forces act on well water around the San Andreas Fault, giving researchers a new window into the hydrogeological structure of fault zones.

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