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lava & magma

Two block diagrams that show how the George Sound shear zone (GSSZ) grew through the crust in space and time.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Feedbacks Between Deformation and Magmatism as Shear Zones Grow

by Alexis Ault 29 September 202228 September 2022

New research reveals how the presence and absence of magmatism governs how shear zones initiate, grow, and reactivate to connect lower and upper crustal deformation.

A snow-capped volcano appears against a bright blue sky and is reflected in lake water of the same bright blue. In the foreground are green shrubs and a boulder.
Posted inNews

Supervolcanoes Linger a While, Then Rush to Erupt

by Damond Benningfield 12 September 202212 September 2022

Geologists examined crystals in rock from four massive eruptions in the Chilean Andes.

A circular hole drilled into Gale Crater on Mars.
Posted inNews

Unraveling the Mystery of a Rare Mineral on Mars

by Clarissa Wright 7 September 20223 January 2023

The discovery of tridymite in Mars’s Gale Crater triggered debate about the rare mineral’s origins. A research team recently suggested a scenario with explosive implications.

Satellite image of ancient lava flows on Mars
Posted inNews

This One Simple Trick Helps Us Understand How Much Water Is in Martian Lavas

by Erik Klemetti 24 August 202216 September 2022

Understanding how much water is in Martian magma is vital for understanding whether the Red Planet had seas in its early history.

A diagram and a graph showing how ocean island eruptions are much more likely to exhibit SO2 degassing and deformation.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Why Do Arc Volcanoes Deform Less Than Ocean Island Volcanoes?

by Paul Asimow 15 August 202215 November 2022

Volcanic ground deformation is not simply correlated with erupted volume. Researchers propose that high concentrations of magmatic volatiles make systems more compressible and suppress deformation.

Two phase diagrams calculated by (a) Perple_X and (b) the new MAGEMin software.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

A New, Fast Computational Tool for Magmatic Phase Equilibria

by Paul Asimow 11 August 202222 December 2022

Thermodynamic calculations in multiphase, multicomponent magmatic systems can be slow and buggy. A new parallel architecture solves the free energy minimization problem much faster than alternatives.

Red hot magma flows from within Earth to the surface at Hawaii’s Kīlauea volcano.
Posted inNews

Earth’s Lower Mantle Is Drier Than Previously Thought

by Saima May Sidik 11 August 202211 August 2022

Scientists have long known that the two layers of Earth’s mantle have different chemical compositions. Now, modeling shows that different water concentrations may keep them from mixing.

Lava in the Halemaʻumaʻu crater in the Kīlauea volcano.
Posted inNews

Volcanic Lava Lake Belts Out Its Secrets in Seismic “Songs”

by Andrew J. Wight 15 July 20229 March 2023

A cacophony of magma displacements and volcanic gases recorded underneath Kīlauea’s roiling lake of lava could one day provide information to help predict future eruptions.

Photograph of a volcano erupting.
Posted inEditors' Vox

Dynamics of Volcanic Processes

by Olivier Roche, Yosuke Aoki, Nikolai Bagdassarov, Michael Heap, Sigrun Hreinsdottir, Qinghua Huang, Daniel Pastor-Galan, Michael Poland, Maria Sachpazi, Fang-Zhen Teng, Gregory Waite, Marie Edmonds, Paul Asimow, Minghua Zhang and Graziella Caprarelli 6 July 202220 September 2022

A new cross-journal special collection invites contributions on modern approaches used to investigate dynamics of volcanic processes.

A snow-covered mountain summit contains a smoking crater.
Posted inNews

Unlocking the Magmatic Secrets of Antarctica’s Mount Erebus

by Jenessa Duncombe 22 June 202222 June 2022

Unprecedented images of Mount Erebus’s inner workings show the unique trappings of a CO2-rich rift volcano.

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