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lava & magma

A volcanic eruption near the ocean sends smoke and steam into the sky.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Tracking a Disappearing Mantle Plume in Ancient Samoa

by Nathaniel Scharping 25 October 202426 November 2024

A thick portion of Earth’s crust may have capped the Samoan plume and suppressed volcanism for 30 million years, explaining a curious gap along the Samoan chain.

Orange and yellow lava shoots out of a black mound.
Posted inNews

Hot Spot Lavas Around the World May Have Something in Common

by Bill Morris 23 October 202423 October 2024

A global study of lavas from volcanic hot spots suggests that contrary to accepted wisdom, Earth’s deep mantle may have the same composition throughout. Not everyone is convinced, however.

A photo depicts a landscape with three large hills in the background and rocks and shrubs in the foreground.
Posted inNews

Here’s Why Resolution Copper Wants to Mine Oak Flat

by Grace van Deelen 16 October 202419 December 2024

Southeastern Arizona’s “Copper Triangle” is a hot spot for high-grade deposits, thanks to ancient magmatic activity.

Map of the moon's surface from the study.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Timing the Global Expansion on the Moon

by Laurent G. J. Montési 11 October 202411 October 2024

A new analysis of the relation between randomly oriented linear gravity anomalies and two large craters on the Moon implies that the gravity anomalies formed over a long period of time.

A sphere with a mottled orange, red, yellow, and gray surface appears bright against a black background.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

How Did Magma Oceans Evolve on Early Earth and Mars?

Sarah Stanley, Science Writer by Sarah Stanley 10 October 202410 October 2024

New insights into the early timelines of rocky planets are emerging, thanks to clues from iron chemistry and primordial atmospheres.

A desert mountain range at a distance.
Posted inNews

Iron-Rich Volcanoes Hold Hidden Rare Earth Element Reserves

Kimberly M. S. Cartier, News Writing and Production Intern for Eos.org by Kimberly M. S. Cartier 4 October 202419 December 2024

Experiments show how concentrations of rare earth elements, critical to the green energy transition, might be hiding in plain sight in iron-rich deposits around the world.

An artist’s depiction of the Moon split in half, showing the mantle, the crust, an inner and outer core, and a low-viscosity zone between the mantle and the core
Posted inResearch Spotlights

The Moon’s Tides Hint at a Melty Lunar Layer

Sarah Stanley, Science Writer by Sarah Stanley 30 September 202419 February 2025

New lunar gravity measurements support the idea that a partially molten mantle layer is sandwiched between the rest of the Moon’s mantle and its core.

The Tajogaite volcano erupts with lava and gases in 2021.
Posted inScience Updates

Volcanic Anatomy, Mapped as It Erupts

by Vittorio Zanon and Luca D’Auria 27 September 202427 September 2024

Testing during the 2021 Tajogaite eruption on La Palma demonstrated the value of near-real-time petrological analyses as a supplement to seismic and geochemical data for eruption monitoring.

The orange glow from erupting lava illuminates the area around the summit of Kīlauea volcano under a star-filled night sky.
Posted inScience Updates

An Unprecedented Experiment to Map Kīlauea’s Summit Magma System

by Roger Denlinger, Daniel R. H. O’Connell, Guoqing Lin, Steve Roecker and Ninfa Bennington 18 September 202423 September 2024

Dozens of researchers deployed nearly 2,000 seismic stations—and a T-Rex—to better illuminate subsurface structure and magma storage below the summit of the highly active volcano.

Vistas desde el aire durante la noche, varias brillantes fuentes de lava estallan a lo largo de una fisura lineal, con columnas teñidas de naranja elevándose sobre ellas. Las luces de una ciudad están a lo lejos.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

En una rara oportunidad, investigadores observan la formación de los valles islandeses

Sarah Stanley, Science Writer by Sarah Stanley 9 September 20249 September 2024

Durante el período previo a las recientes erupciones volcánicas cerca de la ciudad de Grindavík, científicos documentaron la formación de grabens en tiempo real.

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