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seasonal variability

Two maps of North America showing patterns of CO2 uptake by photosynthesis during the growing season based on two different models of atmospheric CO2 variations.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

How Do Croplands Reduce CO2 During the Growing Season?

by Susan Trumbore 20 May 202123 March 2023

Regional variations in the seasonal drawdown of atmospheric CO2 can be used as a benchmark for evaluating models and satellite-derived estimates of land carbon uptake.

Sea ice off the coast of Antarctica
Posted inResearch Spotlights

South Pole Ice Core Reveals History of Antarctic Sea Ice

Elizabeth Thompson by Elizabeth Thompson 12 May 202114 March 2023

Every summer, most of the sea ice near Antarctica melts away, but its saltiness leaves a permanent record that scientists can trace back for millennia.

Ice-covered trees line a road.
Posted inNews

The Who, What, When, Where, and Why of the Polar Vortex

Katherine Kornei, Science Writer by Katherine Kornei 12 May 202129 March 2022

Here’s a rundown of what this atmospheric phenomenon really is and why it matters.

Artist’s rendering of a thunderstorm occurring during a winter snowstorm
Posted inNews

Rare Wintertime Thunderstorms Recorded over the U.S. Gulf Coast

Katherine Kornei, Science Writer by Katherine Kornei 6 April 20212 September 2022

“Thundersnow”—thunderstorm activity accompanying a winter storm—was spotted near southern Texas earlier this year.

Observed median July temperatures in eleven headwater streams by the Agashashok, Cutler, and Imelyak rivers in the Noatak river basin.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Thawing Permafrost May Cause Streams to Cool

by D. Moore 3 March 20213 March 2023

Permafrost thawing associated with climate warming increases contributions to streamflow by deeper, cooler groundwater flow paths, which may result in lower summer stream temperatures.

Plot showing the average number of shallow earthquakes near Parkfield, California, from 2006 to 2014
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Why are Earthquakes on the San Andreas Seasonally Modulated?

by Victor Tsai 19 February 20219 February 2022

There is growing evidence that some earthquakes occur seasonally but also that water loading cannot explain these observations.

Monsoon clouds over Kolkata, India
Posted inEditors' Vox

Summer Monsoons: Regional Manifestations of a Global System

by R. Geen, S. Bordoni and D. Battisti 18 February 20218 March 2022

New insights from observations and theory suggest that the essential drivers of Earth’s summer monsoons are not as obvious as was previously thought.

In the midst of a snowstorm, veterinarian Tone Heide prepares to take a blood sample from a reindeer in Svalbard, Norway
Posted inNews

Reindeer Have to Eat Up to Survive the Winter

by Rebecca Dzombak 29 January 202123 January 2023

Arctic biologists use 25 years of data to find that warmer autumns might be enough to increase the odds of reindeer’s winter survival on Svalbard.

Aerial view of snowdrifts at a lake in the northern foothills of the Brooks Range in Alaska
Posted inResearch Spotlights

A Census of Snowdrifts in Northern Alaska

by David Shultz 2 December 20208 February 2023

Snowdrifts prove less ephemeral than they might seem, occurring in the same places year after year.

A yellow submarine glider floats on the ocean surface.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Autonomous Minisubmarine Measures Seawater Conditions

by Terri Cook 23 November 202027 September 2022

Forecasts of carbonate chemistry in coastal ecosystems determined from seasonal robotic measurements can improve fisheries management and help mitigate short-term ocean acidification events.

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Features from AGU Publications

Research Spotlights

Mapping the Ocean Floor with Ancient Tides

6 May 20256 May 2025
Editors' Highlights

First Benchmarking System of Global Hydrological Models

7 May 20257 May 2025
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Decoding Crop Evapotranspiration

6 May 20256 May 2025
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