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seismology

Three-dimensional shear wave velocity maps.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Probabilistic Tomography Delivers Answers to Basic Questions

by Michael Bostock 13 May 202210 May 2022

Fundamental questions on subsurface properties are robustly addressed through probabilistic assessment of multiple forward/inverse modelling formalisms using interrogation theory.

A red rock tower in front of a backdrop of cloudy sky
Posted inFeatures

Is Earth’s Core Rusting?

by Jiuhua Chen and Shanece S. Esdaille 25 April 202225 April 2022

If subduction carries hydrous minerals deep into Earth’s mantle, they may “rust” the iron outer core, forming vast sinks of oxygen that can later be returned to the atmosphere.

Perspective plot looking west across the Hikurangi margin (New Zealand) at the 3 km/s S-velocity isosurface contoured in depth.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Adjoint Tomography Illuminates Hikurangi Margin Complexity

by Michael Bostock 21 April 202226 April 2022

Waveform inversion of regional earthquakes reveals velocity anomalies interpreted as subducting seamounts that control an enigmatic segmentation in plate coupling along the Hikurangi margin.

Two people stand on the edge of a road, looking at a straight crack, representing the surface trace of a fault, the cuts across the road and offsets its painted centerline.
Posted inFeatures

Striking Out into the Field to Track Slip on the Sumatran Fault

by Karen Lythgoe, Umar Muksin, Arifullah, Andrean Simanjuntak and Shengji Wei 16 March 202221 April 2022

An international team overcame many challenges, including from the COVID-19 pandemic, to deploy a dense seismic network along an understudied fault system that poses hazards to millions in Indonesia.

Aerial view looking over a coastal island city
Posted inFeatures

A Cagey Approach to Speedy and Safe Seafloor Deployments

by Pascal Pelleau, Ronan Apprioual, Antony Ferrant and Daniel Aslanian 11 March 202228 April 2022

Researchers devised a simple way to deliver ocean bottom seismometers accurately to the seafloor to study ongoing seismic and volcanic activity near the islands of Mayotte.

An image of a nodal seismometer
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Potential of Leaking Modes to Reveal Underground Structure

by JoAnna Wendel 7 March 20227 March 2022

Instead of waiting for earthquake waves to tell scientists about the structure of Earth’s interior, scientists can now use ambient noise from humans to “see” underground.

A pile of fiber-optic cable sits on a street in New York City with workers in the background.
Posted inFeatures

Distributed Sensing and Machine Learning Hone Seismic Listening

by Whitney Trainor-Guitton, Eileen R. Martin, Verónica Rodríguez Tribaldos, Nicole Taverna and Vincent Dumont 4 March 20224 March 2022

Fiber-optic cables can provide a wealth of detailed data on subsurface vibrations from a wide range of sources. Machine learning offers a means to make sense of it all.

A gravel pit near Antofagasta, Chile, with an overlay of waveforms from the Iquique aftershock sequence
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Comparing Machine Learning Models for Earthquake Detection

by Kate Wheeling 24 February 202224 February 2022

A new study evaluated the performance of emerging deep learning models for earthquake detection, phase identification, and phase picking.

Artist’s rendering of a planet covered in magma
Posted inNews

Layered Zone Beneath Coral Sea Suggests Ancient Magma Ocean

by Alka Tripathy-Lang 4 February 20224 February 2022

Scientists studying South Pacific earthquakes suggest that an ultralow-velocity zone at the core-mantle boundary may be a remnant of a molten early Earth.

Three-dimensional seismic observation with the CO2 reservoir labeled in green
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Neural Networks Can Identify Carbon Dioxide in Seismic Observations

by Morgan Rehnberg 28 January 20222 March 2022

By establishing a machine-driven approach to interpreting seismic observations of carbon dioxide injection, researchers hope to improve tracking of carbon capture and sequestration projects.

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