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solar activity

An X4.9 class solar flare erupts from the Sun.
Posted inNews

Scientists Claim a More Accurate Method of Predicting Solar Flares

Tim Hornyak, Science Writer by Tim Hornyak 5 October 202018 July 2023

Supercomputer 3D modeling of magnetic fields could help mitigate damage from geomagnetic storms.

Right: Image of a solar flare observed on 19 October 2014. Left: Diagram showing configuration of the planets at the time of the flare
Posted inEditors' Highlights

The Importance of Solar Lyman-alpha Emissions for Space Weather

by Michael A. Hapgood 29 September 202013 October 2022

Lyman-alpha emissions convey a major part of the solar-flare photon energy reaching Earth and play a significant role in flare-driven enhancements of ionospheric conductivity.

Posted inEditors' Highlights

Ensemble Modeling of Coronal Mass Ejection Arrival at 1 AU

by Mary Hudson 18 September 202031 May 2022

Heliospheric imaging data can be used in ensemble modeling of CME arrival time at Earth to improve space weather forecasts, treating the solar wind as a 1-D incompressible hydrodynamic flow.

Posted inAGU News

Liu Receives 2019 Fred L. Scarf Award

by AGU 16 September 20209 September 2022

Terry Zixu Liu received the 2019 Fred L. Scarf Award at AGU’s Fall Meeting 2019, held 9–13 December in San Francisco, Calif. The award is given annually to “one honoree in recognition of an outstanding dissertation that contributes directly to solar–planetary science.”

Satellite image of the Sun in X-rays and ultraviolet light
Posted inNews

Ghostly Particles from the Sun Confirm Nuclear Fusion

Katherine Kornei, Science Writer by Katherine Kornei 14 July 202012 October 2022

Using the Borexino particle detector—located deep underground in Italy—researchers spot elusive neutrinos from the Sun’s CNO cycle.

Artist’s illustration of the Lagrange mission under consideration by the European Space Agency showing two spacecraft situated between the Sun and Earth
Posted inResearch Spotlights

How to Improve Space Weather Forecasting

by Mark Zastrow 19 June 202022 February 2023

The field of space weather forecasting could take cues from its Earthly counterpart to increase the reliability of models as well as warning times ahead of inbound solar storms.

Graph showing an example of very-low frequency signal phase response to solar X-ray emissions over a 24-hour period
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Using Earth’s Atmosphere as a Solar Flare Monitor

by Michael A. Hapgood 28 January 202027 January 2022

Measurements of very-low frequency radio signal phase and amplitude can detect upper atmosphere changes caused by solar flares, enabling us to monitor flare occurrence and intensity.

A purple and red curtain aurora provides a backdrop to the silhouette of a forest.
Posted inNews

Ancient Assyrian Aurorae Help Astronomers Understand Solar Activity

Mara Johnson-Groh, Science Writer by Mara Johnson-Groh 31 December 201915 September 2025

Records of aurorae in Mesopotamia from 2,600 years ago are helping astronomers understand and predict solar activity today.

Sunspots seen in February 2013
Posted inEditors' Vox

Hearing the Sun Tock

by C. T. Russell, L. K. Jian and J. G. Luhmann 25 October 201927 March 2023

The appearance of sunspots—their number, duration, and location—suggests that the dynamics of the Sun’s outer layer is synchronized with an internal clock.

A coronal mass ejection (CME) on 27 February 2000
Posted inNews

Forecasting Solar Storms in Real Time

Jenessa Duncombe, Staff Writer by Jenessa Duncombe 30 August 201931 May 2022

Predicting when solar storms will hit Earth remains a tricky business. To help, scientists can now submit their forecasts of coronal mass ejections online as they unfold in real time.

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