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solar activity

The supergiant Betelgeuse glows red and orange against a dark, starry background. The star’s surface is mottled and emits a faint reddish glow representing its stellar wind. A dark cloud of dust partially obscures the star’s lower left region.
Posted inNews

When Betelgeuse Won’t Explode, You Need a Big Telescope to Prove It

Kimberly M. S. Cartier, News Writing and Production Intern for Eos.org by Kimberly M. S. Cartier 30 June 202126 January 2022

Thanks to last-minute telescope time, researchers pieced together the sequence of events that caused Betelgeuse’s Great Dimming last year.

An enormous stellar flare erupts from Proxima Centauri in this artist’s representation.
Posted inNews

Record-Setting Flare Spotted on the Nearest Star to the Sun

Katherine Kornei, Science Writer by Katherine Kornei 24 May 202128 April 2022

Proxima Centauri recently let loose a blast of radiation, and ground- and space-based telescopes detected the record-setting event at wavelengths ranging from radio to the ultraviolet.

Plot showing modelled radiation exposures for aircrew and passengers on seventy Paris to New York flight paths if a severe radiation storm had started four hours after take-off of each flight.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Severe Radiation Storms Pose Health Risk to Air Travel

by Michael A. Hapgood 21 May 20212 February 2022

Simulations of radiation storm fluxes on real flight paths highlight how severe space weather could expose aircrew and passengers on busy transatlantic routes to significant radiation doses.

Equipment belonging to the Case Western Reserve University amateur radio club
Posted inFeatures

Ham Radio Forms a Planet-Sized Space Weather Sensor Network

by K. Collins, D. Kazdan and N. A. Frissell 9 February 20216 June 2022

For researchers who monitor the effects of solar activity on Earth’s atmosphere, telecommunications, and electrical utilities, amateur radio signals a golden age of crowdsourced science.

A coronal mass ejection is seen in this image captured by the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory spacecraft in 2012.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

The “Complicated” Complexity of Solar Storms

Elizabeth Thompson by Elizabeth Thompson 29 October 202031 May 2022

Researchers turned to crowdsourced science to identify patterns in coronal mass ejections.

An X4.9 class solar flare erupts from the Sun.
Posted inNews

Scientists Claim a More Accurate Method of Predicting Solar Flares

Tim Hornyak, Science Writer by Tim Hornyak 5 October 202018 July 2023

Supercomputer 3D modeling of magnetic fields could help mitigate damage from geomagnetic storms.

Right: Image of a solar flare observed on 19 October 2014. Left: Diagram showing configuration of the planets at the time of the flare
Posted inEditors' Highlights

The Importance of Solar Lyman-alpha Emissions for Space Weather

by Michael A. Hapgood 29 September 202013 October 2022

Lyman-alpha emissions convey a major part of the solar-flare photon energy reaching Earth and play a significant role in flare-driven enhancements of ionospheric conductivity.

Posted inEditors' Highlights

Ensemble Modeling of Coronal Mass Ejection Arrival at 1 AU

by Mary Hudson 18 September 202031 May 2022

Heliospheric imaging data can be used in ensemble modeling of CME arrival time at Earth to improve space weather forecasts, treating the solar wind as a 1-D incompressible hydrodynamic flow.

Posted inAGU News

Liu Receives 2019 Fred L. Scarf Award

by AGU 16 September 20209 September 2022

Terry Zixu Liu received the 2019 Fred L. Scarf Award at AGU’s Fall Meeting 2019, held 9–13 December in San Francisco, Calif. The award is given annually to “one honoree in recognition of an outstanding dissertation that contributes directly to solar–planetary science.”

Satellite image of the Sun in X-rays and ultraviolet light
Posted inNews

Ghostly Particles from the Sun Confirm Nuclear Fusion

Katherine Kornei, Science Writer by Katherine Kornei 14 July 202012 October 2022

Using the Borexino particle detector—located deep underground in Italy—researchers spot elusive neutrinos from the Sun’s CNO cycle.

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Over a dark blue-green square appear the words Special Report: The State of the Science 1 Year On.

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The Role of Tidal Wetlands in the Global Nitrogen Cycle Under Global Change

27 July 202627 July 2026
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The Hidden Costs of Mining River Sand

27 July 202627 July 2026
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