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subduction

A series of fossilized tree stumps sticks up from shallow ocean water on a beach. A tree-topped cliff and blue sky are in the background.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Modeling the Long and Short of Subduction Zones

by Rebecca Owen 10 January 202517 January 2025

A new subduction model could reveal important insights about megathrust earthquakes.

Orange and yellow lava shoots out of a black mound.
Posted inNews

Hot Spot Lavas Around the World May Have Something in Common

by Bill Morris 23 October 202423 October 2024

A global study of lavas from volcanic hot spots suggests that contrary to accepted wisdom, Earth’s deep mantle may have the same composition throughout. Not everyone is convinced, however.

Two maps with symbols to indicate seismic events.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Seismotectonic Update of the Philippines-Taiwan Region

by Atalay Ayele 4 October 20243 October 2024

Using more than two decades of data, scientists find that the Philippine and Taiwan subduction region is controlled mainly by shallow seismicity and low magnitude earthquakes.

Diagram from the study.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Cyclic Opening of Deep Fractures Regulates Plate Boundary Slip

by Brandon Schmandt 24 September 202420 September 2024

Seismic anisotropy changes through time suggest that cyclical opening of fluid-filled fractures is synchronized with subduction zone slow slip events.

Diagram from the paper.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Crustal Melts at the Core-Mantle Boundary

by Thorsten Becker 13 August 202412 August 2024

Seismic waves get sent in all directions for deep mantle anomalies, and a new analysis shows where those scatters lie and what properties they have.

Aerial image of a gray volcano topped with snow emitting a large cloud of gray smoke. The volcano is surrounded by dark blue water.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

How Mantle Hydration Changes over the Lifetime of a Subduction Zone

Aaron Sidder, freelance science writer by Aaron Sidder 19 July 202418 July 2024

Water released from subducting oceanic plates influences the formation of volcanoes and earthquakes on Earth’s surface. A new study simulates how slab dehydration and mantle hydration levels change over time.

Graph from the paper.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Repeated Coseismic Uplift Above the Patton Bay Splay Fault, Alaska

by Daniel Melnick 30 May 20243 June 2024

Stratigraphic and diatom analyses suggest ruptures of the Patton Bay splay fault occurred together with half of the documented great Alaskan megathrust earthquakes during the past 4,200 years.

An artist’s depiction of Earth split into two. On the left side is Earth early in its history, being struck by another planetary body in a fiery impact. On the right is Earth today, with a smooth surface, mantle plumes, and a moon.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Earth’s Subduction May Have Been Triggered by the Same Event That Formed the Moon

Rachel Fritts, Science Writer by Rachel Fritts 20 May 202420 May 2024

The giant impact that formed the Moon may also have led to extrastrong mantle plumes that enabled the first subduction event, kick-starting Earth’s unique system of sliding plates.

Coastline with tall cliffs
Posted inNews

Earthquakes Can Trigger Megathrust Slip in Cascadia

by Caroline Hasler 8 April 20248 April 2024

A 2022 earthquake in Northern California may have triggered slow slip in the Cascadia Subduction Zone, according to a new study.

Map of central Mexico with symbols indicating plate movement.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Forecasting Earthquake Ruptures from Slow Slip Evolution

by Marcos Moreno 2 April 20241 April 2024

A new generation of physics-based models that integrate temporal slip evolution over decades to seconds opens new possibilities for understanding how large subduction zone earthquakes occur.

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