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subduction

A small coastal shipping town in Japan is devastated by an earthquake. In this photo taken from a plane, the wreckage of hundreds of buildings can be seen, and only a handful remain standing. In the center of the image, a small yacht is perched on top of one of the only remaining buildings. The town is surrounded by mountains and forests. One of the plane’s wheels is visible in the lower left corner of the image.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Months of Gravity Changes Preceded the Tōhoku Earthquake

Sarah Derouin, Science Writer by Sarah Derouin 1 September 202225 October 2022

Using GRACE satellite data, researchers discovered anomalous gravimetric signals that occurred before a seismic event that started deep within Earth.

A global map of subduction zones. The Mariana Trench is near the center with a zoomed-in image of bathymetry.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Deep Earthquakes Suggest Well-Hydrated Mariana Subduction Zone

by Morgan Rehnberg 10 August 20222 March 2023

Earthquakes as deep as 50 kilometers below the seafloor were detected by 12 ocean bottom seismometers placed around the Challenger Deep.

Two maps of the study region displaying earthquake depth as colored dots.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Aftershocks Reveal Coseismic Rupture of Megathrust Earthquakes

by Agnes Helmstetter 28 July 202221 September 2022

More accurate aftershock zones reveal that the rupture areas of megathrust Aleutian–Alaska earthquakes are larger than we thought and partly overlap, in contradiction with the seismic gap hypothesis.

Close-up of an outcrop of an eclogite from the Monviso area of Italy showing a vug, or hole, containing red garnet crystals and green pyroxene crystals.
Posted inNews

Holey Eclogite!

by Alka Tripathy-Lang 1 July 202215 November 2022

Scientists have found holes filled with minerals that indicate fluid-filled pores exist many tens of kilometers below Earth’s surface. But no, The Core fans, you still can’t get amethyst-laden geodes in the mantle.

River flow paths in Iceland derived from HydroSHEDS.
Posted inAGU News

Charting Paths to New Knowledge

Heather Goss, AGU Publisher by Heather Goss 20 May 20221 June 2022

In our June issue of Eos, we home in on the unique ways researchers are using maps to better understand Earth and beyond.

Image of a thin section of peridotite, taken under a microscope, with the pinks, greens, purples, and blues of olivine crystals of various sizes mixed with other, less brightly colored minerals
Posted inNews

Million or Billion? Narrowing Down the Age of Mantle Processes in New Guinea

by Alka Tripathy-Lang 16 May 202220 June 2024

Mantle rocks in Papua New Guinea contain curious geochemical signatures that scientists have traditionally interpreted as evidence of billions-year-old melting. New evidence suggests otherwise.

A red rock tower in front of a backdrop of cloudy sky
Posted inFeatures

Is Earth’s Core Rusting?

by Jiuhua Chen and Shanece S. Esdaille 25 April 20223 January 2023

If subduction carries hydrous minerals deep into Earth’s mantle, they may “rust” the iron outer core, forming vast sinks of oxygen that can later be returned to the atmosphere.

Perspective plot looking west across the Hikurangi margin (New Zealand) at the 3 km/s S-velocity isosurface contoured in depth.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Adjoint Tomography Illuminates Hikurangi Margin Complexity

by Michael Bostock 21 April 202227 January 2023

Waveform inversion of regional earthquakes reveals velocity anomalies interpreted as subducting seamounts that control an enigmatic segmentation in plate coupling along the Hikurangi margin.

Dynamic topography in the Banda arc and Weber Deep.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Transient Mantle Flow Triggers Morphotectonic Activity in Asia

by Claudio Faccenna 8 April 20224 August 2023

Changes in mantle dynamics following the Australian collision in southeast Asia triggered fast and intense morphotectonic activity at the surface.

Tree-lined cliffs and hills rise from a coastal beach where ocean waves gently wash ashore.
Posted inFeatures

Exploring Subduction Zone Geohazards on Land and at Sea

by Mong-Han Huang, Kristin Morell, Alison Duvall, Sean F. Gallen and George E. Hilley 25 March 20221 June 2022

A new initiative is bringing together scientists to address fundamental questions about subduction zone geohazards, using the latest advances in observation technology and computational resources.

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A view of a bridge, with the New Orleans skyline visible in the distance between the bridge and the water. A purple tint, a teal curved line representing a river, and the text “#AGU25 coverage from Eos” overlie the photo.

Features from AGU Publications

Research Spotlights

Tiny Turbulent Whirls Keep the Arctic Ocean Flowing

8 December 20258 December 2025
Editors' Highlights

Changes in Slab Dip Cause Rapid Changes in Plate Motion

4 December 20258 December 2025
Editors' Vox

Hydrothermal Circulation and Its Impact on the Earth System

3 December 20253 December 2025
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