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subduction

Figure showing a thermal model of a subduction zone with the relatively cold (blue) oceanic plate sinking into the comparatively hot (red) mantle.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Diamonds Are at Fault

by V. Salters 26 May 202122 September 2022

Deep-seated earthquakes in subduction zones are related to diamond formation.

Map of the eastern Mediterranean showing modeled wave height from a magnitude 7.7 normal fault earthquake sourced offshore of southern Crete.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Was the AD 365 Mediterranean Earthquake Normal?

by T. Parsons 10 May 202114 September 2022

The great AD 365 earthquake at Crete has implied a locked Hellenic subduction zone that can produce more earthquakes to threaten Mediterranean coastlines. But what if wasn’t a subduction zone event?

Steam and gas rise from a volcano on the island of Java, Indonesia.
Posted inScience Updates

Earth’s Volatile Balancing Act

by J. D. Muirhead, Samer Naif, T. P. Fischer and Donna Shillington 24 March 20213 November 2021

How do greenhouse gases and water circulate from minerals deep below Earth’s surface into the atmosphere and oceans—and then back again? Our understanding continues to evolve.

Photo taken from the International Space Station of Shikoku Island and other parts of Japan
Posted inResearch Spotlights

An Innovative Approach for Investigating Subduction Slip Budgets

by David Shultz 19 February 202118 January 2022

A new 3D model offers a state-of-the-art look at the full spectrum of slip behaviors in the Nankai subduction zone off Japan.

Map view of the topography of Central America and surrounding ocean basins
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Subduction May Recycle Less Water Than Thought

Sarah Stanley, Science Writer by Sarah Stanley 12 February 202127 January 2023

A new analysis of seismic data from the Middle America Trench suggests that previous calculations have vastly overestimated the total amount of water transported to the mantle worldwide.

A researcher checks a GPS ground motion sensor amid the rocky, barren landscape of the Altiplano-Puna Plateau in the southern Bolivian Andes
Posted inScience Updates

Using Earthquake Forensics to Study Subduction from Space

by S. Schneider and J. R. Weiss 19 January 202118 January 2022

Researchers combined satellite geodetic measurements of surface motion with a new geophysical data inversion method to probe the Chilean subduction zone in the wake of the 2010 Maule earthquake.

Figures showing modeling of fault related anisotropy
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Fault Related Anisotropy in the Hikurangi Subduction Zone

by A. Becel 13 January 20218 July 2024

A new study provides the first high-resolution three-dimensional anisotropic P-wave velocity model of the shallow part of the Northern Hikurangi subduction zone offshore New Zealand.

St. Barthélemy Island, viewed from the Coco Islet
Posted inScience Updates

By Land or Sea: How Did Mammals Get to the Caribbean Islands?

by P. Münch, P.-O. Antoine and B. Marcaillou 19 November 202022 August 2023

A multidisciplinary team is jointly investigating mammal evolution and subduction dynamics to unravel how flightless land mammals migrated to the Greater Antilles and other Caribbean islands.

Deformed buildings, beached boats, and debris litter a coastline in Japan.
Posted inNews

What Controls Giant Subduction Earthquakes?

by P. Waldron 15 October 202016 March 2022

Subduction zones with a low dipping angle and thick sediments can produce giant earthquakes; this finding lets researchers estimate worst-case scenarios for coastlines around the world.

Cartoon showing a map view of the top of a subducting plate modeled on present day subduction at Nankai in southwest Japan
Posted inEditors' Highlights

A Mechanism for Shallow, Slow Earthquakes in Subduction Zones

by U. Faul 30 July 202018 January 2022

Slow earthquakes beneath the accretionary prism updip from the locked portion of a subduction zone can be caused by basaltic blocks embedded in a shale matrix.

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