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Earth's mantle

Two maps showing locations of seismic arrays.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Can Anelastic Attenuation of Oceanic Mantle be Reliably Measured?

by Fan-Chi Lin 26 October 20224 August 2023

A new study demonstrates that robust anelastic attenuation measurements can be made across ocean bottom seismic arrays at different locations using surface wave array analysis.

Three globes showing deep mantle structures in shades of red (hot structures) and blue (cold structures), with shading in each color family indicating depth. The first globe represents the mantle at 200 million years ago. The second shows the mantle at 100 million years ago. The third shows the present-day mantle. Superimposed atop the mantle structures are gray outlines of where a new model shows the continents were at each time. These globes show Asia and Australia on the left and the Pacific Ocean on the right.
Posted inNews

Billion-Year Rewind Tracks Supercontinents and Mantle Structures

by Alka Tripathy-Lang 12 October 20224 August 2023

Scientists have traced past pathways of tectonic plates back a billion years using computer models, with intriguing results. Incorporating geologic data as a check on model output, however, has proven tricky.

Posted inResearch Spotlights

New Map of Proposed Mantle-Driven Topography Stirs the Pot

by Rebecca Dzombak 8 September 20224 August 2023

The role the deep Earth plays in creating topography is hotly debated. A new study uses subtle elevation changes around the globe as evidence that the mantle plays a key role in building topography.

Red hot magma flows from within Earth to the surface at Hawaii’s Kīlauea volcano.
Posted inNews

Earth’s Lower Mantle Is Drier Than Previously Thought

by Saima May Sidik 11 August 20224 August 2023

Scientists have long known that the two layers of Earth’s mantle have different chemical compositions. Now, modeling shows that different water concentrations may keep them from mixing.

Image of a thin section of peridotite, taken under a microscope, with the pinks, greens, purples, and blues of olivine crystals of various sizes mixed with other, less brightly colored minerals
Posted inNews

Million or Billion? Narrowing Down the Age of Mantle Processes in New Guinea

by Alka Tripathy-Lang 16 May 202220 June 2024

Mantle rocks in Papua New Guinea contain curious geochemical signatures that scientists have traditionally interpreted as evidence of billions-year-old melting. New evidence suggests otherwise.

Cubes of gray-black perovskite in a brown matrix
Posted inNews

How a Newly Discovered Mineral Might Explain Weird Mantle Behavior

by Alka Tripathy-Lang 19 April 202230 September 2023

Scientists not only synthesized davemaoite but deformed it at lower mantle conditions. They found its strength and viscosity to be substantially lower than those of other minerals that make up the lower mantle.

Dynamic topography in the Banda arc and Weber Deep.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Transient Mantle Flow Triggers Morphotectonic Activity in Asia

by Claudio Faccenna 8 April 20224 August 2023

Changes in mantle dynamics following the Australian collision in southeast Asia triggered fast and intense morphotectonic activity at the surface.

Cataracts of the Nile River located between Khartoum, Sudan, and Aswan, Egypt
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Recovering Mantle Memories from River Profiles

Kate Wheeling, freelance science writer by Kate Wheeling 14 January 20224 August 2023

Researchers use a closed-loop modeling strategy to validate regional uplift patterns recorded in river profiles across the African continent.

Image of a synchrotron X-ray diffraction image collected in a high-pressure/-temperature diamond-anvil cell experiment to determine the deformation behavior of ferropericlase
Posted inEditors' Vox

Processes in Earth’s Mantle and Surface Connections

by H. Marquardt, M. Ballmer, S. Cottaar and J. Konter 24 September 20214 August 2023

A new AGU book presents a multidisciplinary perspective on the dynamic processes occurring in Earth’s mantle.

Two world maps with colored dots and stars denoting maximum mantle temperatures retrieved by the RevPET algorithm for the basaltic melts from the global submarine mid-ocean ridge system.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

A Novel Thermobarometer to Infer Mantle Melting Conditions

by Susanne Straub 16 September 20214 August 2023

The algorithm RevPET automatically reverses the complex multi-phase fractional crystallization path of oceanic basalts and offers new perspectives for advancing mantle thermobarometry.

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Features from AGU Publications

Research Spotlights

Orbiter Pair Expands View of Martian Ionosphere

20 June 202519 June 2025
Editors' Highlights

Coupled Isotopes Reveal Sedimentary Sources of Rare Metal Granites

17 June 202516 June 2025
Editors' Vox

Inside Volcanic Clouds: Where Tephra Goes and Why It Matters

16 June 202512 June 2025
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