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faults

Schematic cross section across the Cordillera Blanca massif and conceptual model for structural controls on fluid circulation
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Structural Style Controls Crustal Fluid Circulation in Andes

by W. Behr 26 August 202028 January 2022

Variations in hot spring geochemistry from adjacent mountain ranges with different styles of faulting highlight the influence of crustal-scale structures on circulating fluids in the Peruvian Andes.

A plot showing the calculated ranges of temperature and strain rate at which earthquakes occur, based on the depth range of earthquakes recorded by local networks of land or ocean bottom seismometers
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Strain Rate: The Overlooked Control on Earthquake Depth

by R. E. Abercrombie and J. Escartin 20 August 20201 October 2021

Regional strain rate may play as significant a role as temperature in governing the depth distribution of earthquakes in mantle lithosphere.

Figure showing the fault damage halo and linking damage zones between fault cores
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Fluctuating Fluid Flows in a Fractured Fault

by Douglas R. Schmitt 10 August 20206 October 2021

Fault damage zones can focus fluid transport near faults.

Two graphics showing how P-waves emitted by a virtual source traveled
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Fine-scale Structure Mapped by Body Waves Extracted from Noise

by M. K. Savage 17 June 20203 November 2021

A novel processing scheme was used to extract refracted body waves from ambient seismic noise and investigate the small-scale structure around a fault at Long Beach, California.

Snapshot of particle velocities observed in the direction of the fault 69.5 microseconds after nucleation
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Ultrahigh Speed Movies Catch Growing Earthquake Ruptures

by Douglas R. Schmitt 1 May 20206 October 2021

Comparing successive frames from ultrahigh speed videos of propagating fractures allowed laboratory researchers for the first time to capture the fine details of of a propagating earthquake rupture.

Map showing observations of slow slip
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Slow Slip By Any Other Name

by T. Parsons 4 March 20202 December 2022

Earth’s faults slip most catastrophically as earthquakes. The rise of geodesy reveals an array of slower slip events, meaning faults are nearly always active. Are these behaviors really so different?

An explosion from Kīlauea Volcano’s summit sends an ash plume into the sky on 27 May 2018.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Fault Dips Figured in Kīlauea’s Caldera Collapse

by David Shultz 6 January 20206 October 2021

Large-volume volcanic eruptions can create instabilities in the ground above magma chambers, leading to massive collapses and telltale calderas.

Aerial photo of a desert road offset by 2.5 meters
Posted inFeatures

Scientists Scramble to Collect Data After Ridgecrest Earthquakes

Katherine Kornei, Science Writer by Katherine Kornei 11 December 20196 October 2021

Ground shaking in Southern California, including a magnitude 7.1 temblor, triggered a massive mobilization effort to collect seismological, geological, and geodetic data.

Photo of outcrop of the Loma Blanca fault-damage zone in New Mexico, USA
Posted inEditors' Highlights

What Controls How Quickly Faults Heal?

by S. D. Jacobsen 11 December 20196 October 2021

The rates at which fault zones “heal” through secondary mineralization have been elusive, but uranium-thorium dating of calcite growth in fault-zone fractures may provide the answer.

The biaxial earthquake machine at Pennsylvania State University.
Posted inFeatures

Machine Fault

by S. E. Pratt 25 November 20192 March 2022

Applying machine learning to subtle acoustic signals from an earthquake machine has revealed big clues about fault behavior in the lab.

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