对树木年轮物质的光谱分析表明，碳-14浓度在一年内急剧上升，这与发生在公元前5410年左右的极端太阳高能粒子事件相一致。
Geophysical Research Letters
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Irtysh River Drove Arctic Sea Ice Expansion 3 Million Years Ago
The Siberian river’s creation caused a massive influx of fresh water into the Kara Sea and radically changed the Arctic Ocean and Earth’s climate.
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Tropical Cyclone Induced Increase in Ocean Primary Production
A positive trend in tropical cyclone induced ocean mixing and primary production is compensating the overall decline in global primary production due to anthropogenic climate change.
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Tree Rings Show Record of Newly Identified Extreme Solar Activity Event
Mass spectroscopy of tree ring material indicates a sharp, single-year rise in carbon-14 concentrations consistent with an extreme solar energetic particle event that occurred around 5410 BCE.
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Hydrothermal Vents May Add Ancient Carbon to Ocean Waters
Data from a long-distance research cruise provide new insights into carbon cycling in the eastern Pacific and Southern Oceans.
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Remote-Controlled Ocean Drones Observe Atmospheric Cold Pools
Novel uncrewed sailing vehicles measured properties of atmospheric cold pools in hard-to-reach regions of the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean.
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Particles at the Ocean Surface and Seafloor Aren’t So Different
Despite occurring on different scales, flux measurements throughout the water column share log-normal probability distributions.
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Gulf Stream Intrusions Feed Diatom Hot Spots
Previous research suggested that the intrusion of low-nutrient Gulf Stream water into the Mid-Atlantic Bight would reduce productivity, but a new study finds that it can also lead to chlorophyll hot spots.
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South Pole Ice Core Reveals History of Antarctic Sea Ice
Every summer, most of the sea ice near Antarctica melts away, but its saltiness leaves a permanent record that scientists can trace back for millennia.
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Convective Transport Explains “Missing” Ice near the Tropical Tropopause
Spaceborne lidar shows that more ice than expected is leaving the tropical tropopause layer in the atmosphere.