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Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth

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Series of global maps showing virtual geomagnetic pole paths as calculated from the Black Sea paleomagnetic directional record
Posted inEditors' Highlights

The Restless Geomagnetic Field Over the Past 70,000 Years

by Bjarne S. G. Almqvist 25 September 202030 September 2022

Detailed paleomagnetic records from Black Sea sediments reveal intricate changes in the field during geomagnetic excursions.

Diagram showing how magnetic anomalies formed at mid-ocean ridges record reversals of Earth’s geomagnetic field
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Steadying Mid-Ocean Ridge Spreading Rates

Kate Wheeling, freelance science writer by Kate Wheeling 4 September 202020 December 2021

Researchers used an up-to-date global magnetic anomaly data set to track the history of magnetic field reversals and obtain more accurate estimates of tectonic spreading rates.

A plot showing the calculated ranges of temperature and strain rate at which earthquakes occur, based on the depth range of earthquakes recorded by local networks of land or ocean bottom seismometers
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Strain Rate: The Overlooked Control on Earthquake Depth

by R. E. Abercrombie and J. Escartin 20 August 20201 October 2021

Regional strain rate may play as significant a role as temperature in governing the depth distribution of earthquakes in mantle lithosphere.

Chart showing Vp/Vs profiles of the Pacific lithosphere and asthenosphere compared to a variety of other global reference models
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Unexpected Oceanic Lithosphere-Asthenosphere P-wave Velocities

by K. Rychert 13 August 202010 March 2022

A peak in seismic P-wave – S-wave velocity ratios at the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary beneath old Pacific lithosphere requires an additional property besides temperature as an explanation.

Figure showing the fault damage halo and linking damage zones between fault cores
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Fluctuating Fluid Flows in a Fractured Fault

by Douglas R. Schmitt 10 August 20206 October 2021

Fault damage zones can focus fluid transport near faults.

Plots showing average Peak Ground Velocity (PGV) of each node comparing mean site residual term (left) and standard deviation of the values at each site (right)
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Super Dense Array Measurement Magnifies Seismic Wavefields

by M. Yamada 4 August 202023 July 2020

An investigation of small-scale spatial variability in earthquake ground motions helps to quantify the uncertainty of ground motions in probabilistic seismic hazard analysis.

Maps showing the data assimilated wavefields at 30 and 120 seconds on the left and the forecasted future wavefields at 200 seconds on the right
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Real-time Ground Motion Estimation for Large Earthquakes

by M. Yamada 31 July 20207 March 2023

Advanced computing technology can be used to forecast ground shaking from earthquakes and provide an early warning in real time.

Graph, based on a dataset of paleomagnetic data from a Swedish lake binned in 150-year intervals, showing the classical uncertainty measure plotted against the new proposed uncertainty measure that takes propagated measurement uncertainty into account.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Uncertainty Propagation in Paleomagnetic Data Quantified

by Mark J. Dekkers 29 July 202030 September 2022

In classic paleomagnetic data processing uncertainties are calculated at a single level only, but there is now a more lucid way to include error propagation.

Scanning Electron Microscope images of deformed olivine micropillars
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Olivine Micropillars Reveal Shallow Lithosphere Rheology

by Yves Bernabé 24 July 202022 September 2022

Micrometer scale investigation of the rheological properties of olivine in pressure and temperature conditions corresponding to the shallow lithosphere.

The toppled remains of a building on the shore of Palu Bay in Indonesia following a 2018 earthquake and tsunami
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Social Media Helps Reveal Cause of 2018 Indonesian Tsunami

Aaron Sidder, freelance science writer by Aaron Sidder 26 June 202030 August 2022

Videos from Twitter and YouTube helped scientists tease out the physical mechanisms that generated the large tsunami in Palu Bay after a magnitude 7.5 earthquake.

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