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Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth

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Example of the convolutional neural network (CNN) approach from an area in the Black Hill norite
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Machine Learning for Magnetics

by Mark J. Dekkers 21 October 202020 December 2021

Classic interpretation of aeromagnetic anomaly maps involves several steps with limiting boundary conditions; a recent study develops convolutional networks largely bypassing these issues.

Plot showing two known endmembers fitted with several magnetic components
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Unmixing Magnetic Components – An Experimental Twist

by Mark J. Dekkers 19 October 202021 October 2021

Various unmixing approaches are used in environmental magnetism, each starting from a different premise; now they are put to the test by scrutinizing experimental mixtures of known endmembers.

Sketches of river flow-induced seismicity (left) and eruption tremor (right) demonstrating their similarities
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Eruption Seismic Tremor Modeled as a Fluvial Process

by Gregory P. Waite 14 October 20202 May 2022

Impact and turbulence models for river tremor are adapted and combined into a model that predicts the amplitude and frequency content of volcanic eruption tremor.

Santa Barbara Channel is seen in the foreground off the coast of Ventura, Calif.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Southern California’s Crustal Motion Tells of Earthquake Hazards

Aaron Sidder, freelance science writer by Aaron Sidder 9 October 20206 October 2021

Precise measurements of the Earth’s vertical surface motion help to elucidate the hazards of faults in an earthquake-prone region.

Two plots showing the spatial distribution of radon activities at ground level (left) and in free air (right) around the Mount Etna Central Crater
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Radon Enrichment in the Volcanic Plume of Mount Etna

by Corentin Caudron 5 October 202017 November 2022

More than 70 passive sensors on Mount Etna have captured the first radon measurements in volcanic plumes and show that radon could affect people around volcanoes.

Series of global maps showing virtual geomagnetic pole paths as calculated from the Black Sea paleomagnetic directional record
Posted inEditors' Highlights

The Restless Geomagnetic Field Over the Past 70,000 Years

by Bjarne S. G. Almqvist 25 September 202030 September 2022

Detailed paleomagnetic records from Black Sea sediments reveal intricate changes in the field during geomagnetic excursions.

Diagram showing how magnetic anomalies formed at mid-ocean ridges record reversals of Earth’s geomagnetic field
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Steadying Mid-Ocean Ridge Spreading Rates

Kate Wheeling, freelance science writer by Kate Wheeling 4 September 202020 December 2021

Researchers used an up-to-date global magnetic anomaly data set to track the history of magnetic field reversals and obtain more accurate estimates of tectonic spreading rates.

A plot showing the calculated ranges of temperature and strain rate at which earthquakes occur, based on the depth range of earthquakes recorded by local networks of land or ocean bottom seismometers
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Strain Rate: The Overlooked Control on Earthquake Depth

by R. E. Abercrombie and J. Escartin 20 August 20201 October 2021

Regional strain rate may play as significant a role as temperature in governing the depth distribution of earthquakes in mantle lithosphere.

Chart showing Vp/Vs profiles of the Pacific lithosphere and asthenosphere compared to a variety of other global reference models
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Unexpected Oceanic Lithosphere-Asthenosphere P-wave Velocities

by K. Rychert 13 August 202010 March 2022

A peak in seismic P-wave – S-wave velocity ratios at the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary beneath old Pacific lithosphere requires an additional property besides temperature as an explanation.

Figure showing the fault damage halo and linking damage zones between fault cores
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Fluctuating Fluid Flows in a Fractured Fault

by Douglas R. Schmitt 10 August 20206 October 2021

Fault damage zones can focus fluid transport near faults.

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