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machine learning & AI

A map of the Pacific Northwest and southwestern Canada showing the anomalous heat wave of 2021. Much of Washington and Oregon, except for the coastal or mountainous areas, shows temperatures in red, designating heat exceeding 20°C with maximum temperatures recorded at 69°C in Washington State.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Machine Learning Could Improve Extreme Weather Warnings

Sarah Derouin, Science Writer by Sarah Derouin 11 October 202411 October 2024

A deep learning technique could reduce the error in 10-day weather forecasts by more than 90%, allowing communities to better prepare for extreme events such as heat waves.

Aerial photo of Mount Kīlauea
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Forecasting Caldera Collapse Using Deep Learning

by Olivier Roche 18 September 202417 September 2024

A deep learning model trained with geophysical data recorded during the well-documented 2018 Kilauea volcano eruption, Hawaii, predicts recurrent caldera collapse events.

Aerial view of muddy-looking floodwaters from a meandering river flooding houses and buildings throughout a town spread on either side of the river
Posted inOpinions

Cultivating Trust in AI for Disaster Management

by Monique M. Kuglitsch, Ivanka Pelivan, Chinnawat Danakkaew, Jesper Dramsch and Reza Arghandeh 11 September 202416 January 2025

Artificial intelligence applied in disaster management must be reliable, accurate, and, above all, transparent. But what does transparency in AI mean, why do we need it, and how is it achieved?

A satellite image of four tropical cyclones with pinwheel shapes forming in the Pacific Ocean
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Physics Meets Machine Learning for Better Cyclone Predictions

Sarah Derouin, Science Writer by Sarah Derouin 20 August 202420 August 2024

A new hybrid modeling approach combines physics-based and machine learning models to extend—and improve—path and intensity predictions of tropical cyclones.

Figure showing simulation from the study.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Equation Discovery for Subgrid-Scale Closures

by Tapio Schneider 24 July 202424 July 2024

Machine learning can discover closure equations for fluid simulations. A new study finds that common algorithms rediscover known, unstable closures, which can be stabilized with higher-order terms.

A vast forested landscape in Chhattisgarh, India.
Posted inNews

New Model Can Better Predict Areas Vulnerable to Forest Fires in India

by Pragathi Ravi 24 July 202424 July 2024

Researchers incorporated local atmospheric parameters and terrain data to more accurately estimate the probability of fire in a specific area.

Photo of Dr. Jaclyn Clement Kinney
Posted inEditors' Vox

Introducing the New Editor-in-Chief of the ESS Open Archive

by Jaclyn Clement Kinney 22 July 202422 July 2024

Learn about the person taking the helm of the Earth and Space Science Open Archive and their vision for the coming years.

Diagram from the paper.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Physics + Machine Learning Provide a Better Map of Ocean Measurements

by Stephen M. Griffies and Oliver Watt-Meyer 15 July 202411 July 2024

A new study offers a compelling example where the merger of dynamical modeling, machine learning, and ocean measurements enhances oceanographic understanding, monitoring, and mapping.

Figure showing weather forecasts.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Machine Learning Masters Weather Prediction

by Hannah Christensen 10 July 20241 July 2024

Community datasets and evaluation standards are needed to further advance machine learning for weather prediction.

Maps from the study
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Autocalibration of the E3SM Atmosphere Model Improves Model Fidelity

by Jiwen Fan 9 May 20247 May 2024

A surrogate model was trained to predict E3SM atmosphere model spatial fields as a function of uncertain physical parameters and used to optimize the parameters for present-day climate.

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Features from AGU Publications

Research Spotlights

Machine Learning Simulates 1,000 Years of Climate

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As Simple as Possible: The Importance of Idealized Climate Models

28 August 202526 August 2025
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Waterworks on Tree Stems: The Wonders of Stemflow

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