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paleoclimatology & paleoceanography

Close-up view of pieces of sea ice separated by a strip of open water.
Posted inScience Updates

Finding Consensus on Arctic Ocean Climate History

by Jochen Knies, Matt O’Regan and Claude Hillaire Marcel 25 June 202525 June 2025

Understanding the effects of a “blue” Arctic Ocean on future climate requires a coordinated effort to study Earth’s past warm periods using a variety of classical and cutting-edge methods.

Black-and-white computed tomography image of a coral core
Posted inScience Updates

A Coral Core Archive Designed for Transparency and Accessibility

by Avi Strange, Oliwia Jasnos, Lauren T. Toth, Nancy G. Prouty and Thomas M. DeCarlo 20 June 202519 June 2025

CoralCT archives raw and processed data from coral and reef core samples, preserving valuable insights into how corals respond to environmental changes.

An 8-centimeter-long metric ruler has silhouetted images of the classic “evolution of man.” The ruler is next to a fossil of a leaf.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Early Apes Evolved in Tropical Forests Disturbed by Fires and Volcanoes

by Madeline Reinsel 12 June 202511 June 2025

Fossils discovered at an early Miocene site in Kenya include a new type of early ape and offer clues about the environment inhabited by human ancestors.

Fine-grained sand on the ocean floor, marked by the rippling movement of currents
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Mapping the Ocean Floor with Ancient Tides

Aaron Sidder, freelance science writer by Aaron Sidder 6 May 20256 May 2025

A new study uses a paleotidal model to trace the formation of carbon-rich mud deposits over thousands of years.

A gif flips back and forth between two images of the Po River Basin. In June 2020, it appears much greener than in June 2022.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Modeling the Past, Present, and Future of Drought

by Rebecca Owen 18 April 202518 April 2025

A new study combines historical observations, climate modeling, and data from tree rings to create a fuller picture of historic as well as potential drought conditions.

Dozens of ice cores—long, thin cylinders—are stored on a metal shelf and seen from the front, so they look like circles.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

When Ice Ages End, Ocean Circulation Fine-Tunes Ocean Heat

Sarah Stanley, Science Writer by Sarah Stanley 14 April 202514 April 2025

New Antarctic ice core data bolster model predictions of ocean heat content during glacials and interglacials.

Diagram from the study.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Taking Our Paleoceanographic Tools to the Next Level

by David Thornalley 2 April 202527 March 2025

A new modeling study shows that to accurately interpret data derived from an iconic proxy of past Atlantic overturning strength, we must consider the complex factors governing the proxy systematics.

Stylized illustration in shades of blue of a person holding a magnifying glass above what looks like the tail of a dinosaur or other large animal.
Posted inOpinions

The Valuable, Vulnerable, Long Tail of Earth Science Databases

by Andrea K. Thomer, John W. Williams, Simon Goring and Jessica L. Blois 20 March 202523 June 2025

Community-curated data resources in the Earth sciences, highly valuable but systematically underfunded, are vital to research on a changing planet.

Earth’s North Pole surface covered in ice
Posted inNews

How Do You Make Earth into an Icehouse?

by Nathaniel Scharping 6 March 20256 March 2025

A new model accurately reconstructs Earth’s past icehouses and indicates there’s no one driver behind them.

Researchers walk toward a large geodesic dome and a small red Quonset hut on the Greenland Ice Sheet.
Posted inNews

Tiny Icequakes Ripple Through Greenland’s Largest Ice Stream

by J. Besl 5 March 20255 March 2025

Seismologists made an accidental discovery on the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream, changing the way glaciologists understand how ice moves.

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Coherent, Not Chaotic, Migration in the Brahmaputra-Jamuna River

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The Mid-20th Century Winter Cooling in the Eastern U.S. Explained

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Water Tracks: The Veins of Thawing Landscapes

25 June 202525 June 2025
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