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paleoclimatology & paleoceanography

The back deck of a boat as it moves through the ocean.
Posted inNews

The AMOC of the Ice Age Was Warmer Than Once Thought

by Grace van Deelen 10 February 202610 February 2026

An analysis of sediment cores indicates that North Atlantic waters were relatively warm and continued to circulate even under major climate stress during the Last Glacial Maximum.

A frozen lake in Antarctica has a blue surface crisscrossed by lines. Behind it is a glacier, a mountain, and a blue sky.
Posted inNews

Snowball Earth’s Liquid Seas Dipped Way Below Freezing

by Elise Cutts 4 February 202617 February 2026

Iron isotopes show that salty seawater pockets beneath the ice were as cold as −15°C.

A black-and-white image shows the ends of dozens of soil cores, stored in a wall. A few of the slots are empty.
Posted inNews

How the Rise of a Salty Blob Led to the Fall of the Last Ice Age

by Emily Gardner 2 February 20262 February 2026

Scientists have long suspected that high salinity levels in the deep ocean were responsible for keeping carbon dioxide locked away during the last ice age. New research finds the strongest evidence yet.

Diagram from the study.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Successful Liquid Lake Conditions in a Cold Martian Paleoclimate

by Alberto Montanari 8 January 20268 January 2026

Simulations from a new lake model explain how liquid water could have been maintained over Mars in a cold climate, thus resolving a critical scientific gap in our understanding of Mars’ early history.

Microscopic marine algae known as coccolithophores covered in calcium carbonate shells.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

How a Move to the Shallows 300,000 Years Ago Drove a Phytoplankton Bloom

by Nathaniel Scharping 5 January 20265 January 2026

And what that could mean for today’s ocean.

A healthy coral reef showing a great diversity of species. Small fish swim among the coral.
Posted inAGU News

Preserving Corals to Study the Past and Document the Present

by Caryl-Sue Micalizio 1 January 20261 January 2026

Corals hold valuable hints about our planet’s climate history, and they’re continuing to document today’s changing ocean. Scientists are working to preserve and protect these reefs of evidence.

A pale gray rock shows an impression of multiple curved lines.
Posted inNews

The Long and the Weak of It—The Ediacaran Magnetic Field

Katherine Kornei, Science Writer by Katherine Kornei 9 December 20259 December 2025

A roughly 70-million-year interval of anomalously weak magnetic field during the Ediacaran period could have triggered atmospheric changes that supported the rise of macroscopic life.

Aerial view of a wide blue ice area in the Transantarctic Mountains, where ancient Antarctic ice cores or fragments can be found for climate research
Posted inNews

New Lessons from Old Ice: How We Understand Past (and Future) Heating

by Mariana Mastache-Maldonado 24 November 202524 November 2025

Fragments of blue ice up to 6 million years old—the oldest ever found—offer key insights into Earth’s warming cycles. Researchers are using these ancient data to refine models of our future climate.

World map with ocean temperature patterns and labeling indicating the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool
Posted inNews

Ocean Tunneling May Have Set Off an Ancient Pacific Cooldown

by Larissa G. Capella 18 November 202518 November 2025

The ocean’s depths cooled off about 1.5 million years ago, and scientists think watery tunnels from the south may be to blame.

Five expedition team members climb an icy surface.
Posted inNews

Pamir Glacier Expedition Returns with High-Elevation Ice Cores

by Grace van Deelen 17 November 202517 November 2025

The three glacial cores will unlock mysteries about past climate and weather patterns in central Asia.

Posts pagination

1 2 3 … 32 Older posts
Over a dark blue-green square appear the words Special Report: The State of the Science 1 Year On.

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Editors' Highlights

Why More Rain Doesn’t Mean More Erosion in Mountains

20 February 202620 February 2026
Editors' Vox

A Double-Edged Sword: The Global Oxychlorine Cycle on Mars

10 February 202610 February 2026
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