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Space Weather

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Diagrams illustrating Rossby waves traveling around the Sun and the Earth
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Space Weather Forecasting Takes Inspiration from Meteorology

Sarah Stanley, Science Writer by Sarah Stanley 11 May 202029 March 2022

Solar features analogous to major atmospheric waves on Earth could offer more advanced warning of harmful solar storms.

Part of the High-frequency Active Auroral Research Program antenna array in Alaska
Posted inScience Updates

Returning Lightning Data to the Cloud

by M. Cohen 24 April 202022 November 2021

Scientists are assembling an online database with decades of low-frequency radio measurements collected worldwide to facilitate modern research about lightning, space weather, and more.

A graphical representation of the path from science to applications, using a sequence of nine Application Usability Levels
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Highlighting the Path from Space Weather Science to Applications

by Michael A. Hapgood 20 March 202031 January 2022

The transition of space weather science from research to operations needs a framework with both good science and a good dialogue with end users.

Graph showing an example of very-low frequency signal phase response to solar X-ray emissions over a 24-hour period
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Using Earth’s Atmosphere as a Solar Flare Monitor

by Michael A. Hapgood 28 January 202027 January 2022

Measurements of very-low frequency radio signal phase and amplitude can detect upper atmosphere changes caused by solar flares, enabling us to monitor flare occurrence and intensity.

An equatorial-plane map of flux of ~60 keV electrons during moderate levels of geomagnetic activity.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Extending the Envelope for Known Safe Locations in Space

by D. J. Knipp 19 June 201921 February 2023

When unattached electrons collide with spacecraft, the build-up of electric charge can cause malfunctions, but recent observations model near-Earth regions that are likely safe zones.

An artist’s rendering of the Orion spacecraft
Posted inResearch Spotlights

New Real-Time Model May Protect Astronauts from Space Radiation

by David Shultz 8 January 201926 January 2022

Solar energetic particle events pose an acute risk to space travelers outside the protection of Earth’s magnetic field. A new initiative aims to quantify the danger.

Posted inEditors' Highlights

First Multi-Decade Simulation of the Earth’s Radiation Belt

by P. O’Brien 19 December 201827 March 2023

A new simulation of the Earth’s electron radiation belts captures large-scale variations over nearly three solar cycles, and replicates primary cyclical features and extreme behaviors.

A coronal loop of plasma travels along the Sun’s magnetic field lines
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Plasma Activity Around Sunspots May Foreshadow Solar Storms

Aaron Sidder, freelance science writer by Aaron Sidder 5 December 201831 January 2023

A new study identifies possible precursors to space weather in the regions encircling sunspots.

Posted inEditors' Highlights

Seeing Waves: GNSS Tracking of Waves in the Upper Atmosphere

by Michael A. Hapgood 8 October 201813 April 2022

Dense GNSS networks enable scientists to track large-scale waves traveling through the upper atmosphere, away from sources in the auroral zone and the day/night terminator.

Posted inEditors' Highlights

Why Space Weather Needs Ensemble Forecasting

by D. T. Welling 9 August 201810 February 2023

Weather forecasts combine many model predictions to create an ensemble that is more accurate than separate models, a technique now starting to be applied in space weather science.

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