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the Sun

Artist’s view of the SMOS satellite in orbit
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Observing the Sun via Soil Moisture Measurements

by Michael A. Hapgood 31 March 202113 October 2021

Solar radio bursts are background noise for satellite-based radio observations that monitor soil moisture, so, with appropriate processing, those observations can provide data on radio bursts.

Illustration showing the Heliosphere and its surroundings
Posted inEditors' Highlights

The Cosmic Timeline of Heliophysics

by W. K. Peterson 23 December 202029 September 2021

Thom Moore began his career after the start of the space age. This is the story of how he converted his interests in evolution, philosophy, and psychology and writing into the study of heliophysics.

Processed image of the 1919 solar eclipse
Posted inResearch Spotlights

A Better Understanding of How the Sun Bends Light

Damond Benningfield, Science Writer by Damond Benningfield 3 December 202023 September 2022

Incorporating the refractive index of the Sun into models of gravitational lensing effects improves agreement with measurements of the phenomenon.

Black and white photograph of a full solar eclipse
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Altitude Matters for Solar Eclipse Observations

by Morgan Rehnberg 23 July 202022 February 2023

The path of a solar eclipse through Earth’s ionosphere, which can be quite different than it is at ground level, appears to explain patterns of ionized particle depletions.

Satellite image of the Sun in X-rays and ultraviolet light
Posted inNews

Ghostly Particles from the Sun Confirm Nuclear Fusion

Katherine Kornei, Science Writer by Katherine Kornei 14 July 202012 October 2022

Using the Borexino particle detector—located deep underground in Italy—researchers spot elusive neutrinos from the Sun’s CNO cycle.

An active sun in June 2013
Posted inResearch Spotlights

How Accurate Are Our Measurements of the Sun’s Energy?

Elizabeth Thompson by Elizabeth Thompson 13 April 20206 December 2022

As instruments collecting solar data degrade, researchers must correct for errors. A new study compares several methods to correct solar spectral irradiance measurements.

Graph showing an example of very-low frequency signal phase response to solar X-ray emissions over a 24-hour period
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Using Earth’s Atmosphere as a Solar Flare Monitor

by Michael A. Hapgood 28 January 202027 January 2022

Measurements of very-low frequency radio signal phase and amplitude can detect upper atmosphere changes caused by solar flares, enabling us to monitor flare occurrence and intensity.

An image of a solar flare in extreme ultraviolet
Posted inNews

Virtual Super Instrument Enhances Solar Spacecraft

Nola Taylor Redd, Science Writer by Nola Taylor Tillman 1 November 201921 February 2023

The same algorithms that help control self-driving cars and speech-to-text functionality have helped build a virtual instrument to study the Sun.

Sunspots seen in February 2013
Posted inEditors' Vox

Hearing the Sun Tock

by C. T. Russell, L. K. Jian and J. G. Luhmann 25 October 201927 March 2023

The appearance of sunspots—their number, duration, and location—suggests that the dynamics of the Sun’s outer layer is synchronized with an internal clock.

Workers in hazmat suits climb into the core of a huge scientific machine
Posted inNews

Million-Degree Experiment Complicates Solar Science

Javier Barbuzano, Science Writer by Javier Barbuzano 15 October 201926 January 2022

Experiments at Sun-like temperatures show that certain elements absorb more light than solar models predict, creating uncertainties for stellar science.

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