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unsolved mysteries

A tall jet of lightning extends upward from a bright thundercloud in front of a dark starry sky. The gigantic jet is bright white at the base and then transitions to blue and then to red as it reaches upward. The top of the jet is wider than the base.
Posted inNews

Gigantic Jet of Lightning Mapped over Oklahoma

Kimberly M. S. Cartier, News Writing and Production Intern for Eos.org by Kimberly M. S. Cartier 7 September 20227 September 2022

The most powerful gigantic jet ever recorded fortuitously appeared over a sensor array in Oklahoma, enabling scientists to map the structure of the phenomenon for the first time.

A circular hole drilled into Gale Crater on Mars.
Posted inNews

Unraveling the Mystery of a Rare Mineral on Mars

by Clarissa Wright 7 September 20223 January 2023

The discovery of tridymite in Mars’s Gale Crater triggered debate about the rare mineral’s origins. A research team recently suggested a scenario with explosive implications.

One of two fire-generated vortices at the 2021 Dixie Fire
Posted inNews

Chasing Fire Tornadoes for Science

by Emily Shepherd 6 September 20226 September 2022

Recent research suggests fire-generated vortices are always present during wildfires.

Aerial image of a spiral storm over the southern United States
Posted inNews

A New Approach to an Unresolved Mystery in Climate Economics

Jenessa Duncombe, Staff Writer by Jenessa Duncombe 2 September 202226 October 2022

Do shifts in temperature have enduring economic impacts? A “clever” trick identifying climate trends gets us one step closer to addressing this long-standing question in climate economics.

Diagrams showing footprint, flux maps and hotspot maps.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Sleuthing for Culprits of Greenhouse Gas Emissions

by Ankur R. Desai 23 August 202228 September 2022

A new approach to detect hot spots of methane emissions with eddy covariance flux towers proves to be a worthy contender.

Photograph of an outcrop of the North American Midcontinent Rift showing dark gray rocks enclosing a light-colored rock—the target sample in this study. In the foreground stands coauthor Nick Swanson-Hysell, amid green grasses along the base of the cliff.
Posted inNews

Swinging Strength of Earth’s Magnetic Field Could Signal Inner Core Formation

by Alka Tripathy-Lang 22 August 202230 September 2022

The magnetic record stored in rocks documents the liquid core’s behavior and possibly when the inner core formed. Whether it formed half a billion or more than a billion years ago, however, is up for debate.

Three scientists discuss around a map on a table.
Posted inFeatures

How an Unlikely Friendship Upended Permafrost Myths

Jenessa Duncombe, Staff Writer by Jenessa Duncombe 19 August 202220 September 2023

“Beautifully long arguments” between an American scientist and a Russian researcher helped clarify several fundamental assumptions about permafrost thaw.

In this digital illustration, three small rocky planets orbit a pulsar. One planet is large in the foreground and has a polar aurora and cratered surface. The other two are smaller in the background. A pulsar appears at top left in the image and is depicted as a bright white point source emitting white beams at 5 o’clock and 11 o’clock. Purple and green loops and swirls surround the point of light and represent the strong magnetic field of a pulsar.
Posted inNews

Pulsar Planets Are Exceedingly Rare

Kimberly M. S. Cartier, News Writing and Production Intern for Eos.org by Kimberly M. S. Cartier 16 August 202216 August 2022

A new survey of hundreds of pulsars could help solve the mystery of why planets exist around these dead stars.

Red hot magma flows from within Earth to the surface at Hawaii’s Kīlauea volcano.
Posted inNews

Earth’s Lower Mantle Is Drier Than Previously Thought

by Saima May Sidik 11 August 20224 August 2023

Scientists have long known that the two layers of Earth’s mantle have different chemical compositions. Now, modeling shows that different water concentrations may keep them from mixing.

Scientists ride a boat on a lake in Greenland.
Posted inENGAGE, News

Evidence of Drought Provides Clues to a Viking Mystery

Korena Di Roma Howley, Science Writer by Korena Di Roma Howley 4 August 202224 March 2023

A persistent drying trend, not plunging temperatures, may have played a role in the unexplained disappearance of Norse settlers from Greenland, according to researchers.

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Over a dark blue-green square appear the words Special Report: The State of the Science 1 Year On.

Features from AGU Publications

Research Spotlights

Tiny Cyanobacteria May Be the Secret Heroes of Ocean Carbon Sequestration

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Waves Play a Key Role for Lateral Stirring and Mixing of Ocean Tracers

11 September 202611 September 2026
Editors' Vox

How Can We Make Better Decisions About What Lies Underground?

10 September 202610 September 2026
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