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unsolved mysteries

A large hot spring bubbles and steams in the mountains of the Tibetan Plateau.
Posted inNews

Hot Springs Suggest How the Tibetan Plateau Became the Roof of the World

by Saima May Sidik 20 April 202223 February 2023

Helium isotopes found in water samples provide a snapshot of what lies beneath the plateau and stimulate debate within the geosciences community.

Cubes of gray-black perovskite in a brown matrix
Posted inNews

How a Newly Discovered Mineral Might Explain Weird Mantle Behavior

by Alka Tripathy-Lang 19 April 202230 September 2023

Scientists not only synthesized davemaoite but deformed it at lower mantle conditions. They found its strength and viscosity to be substantially lower than those of other minerals that make up the lower mantle.

A back-scattered electron image of an experimental charge showing a miniaturized model of the core-mantle boundary equilibrated at pressure-temperature conditions thought to prevail during core formation.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

New Results Deepen the Mystery of Earth’s Early Magnetic Field

by Carolina Lithgow-Bertelloni 14 April 202214 March 2023

How was Earth’s early magnetic field produced? New experimental results and modeling show that the energy source could not have come from exsolution of lithophile elements from the core.

A river in Katherine, Northern Territory, Australia
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Tree Rings Reveal a Puzzling Trend in Monsoon Intensity

by Saima May Sidik 31 March 202221 July 2022

Tree rings confirm that in northern Australia, the past 40 years have experienced more rain than any similar length of time in the past 600 years.

Camino dañado por un terremoto en Calexico, California, 2010. El camino muestra grietas en el pavimento. Al fondo se observa un edificio de una planta cercado y el cielo azul.
Posted inNews

Buscando terremotos en la ionosfera

by Nathaniel Scharping 28 March 202228 March 2022

Los terremotos pueden liberar ráfagas de energía eléctrica que se pueden sentir en la ionosfera, a kilómetros por encima de la Tierra. Sin embargo, la teoría sigue siendo controvertida.

A river of molten lava flows across a steaming black basalt landscape. The river flows from a volcanic rift near the top right of the image toward the bottom left. The fissure is filled with brighter and hotter lava and steam and gas billows up from it. The sky on the horizon is a hazy blue-gray.
Posted inNews

The Surprising Greenhouse Gas That Caused Volcanic Summer

Kimberly M. S. Cartier, News Writing and Production Intern for Eos.org by Kimberly M. S. Cartier 21 March 202212 April 2022

Extended periods of volcanism known as flood basalt eruptions lead to volcanic winters, which are often followed by an extended period of warming. But it was more than just carbon dioxide that warmed the globe.

A blue ring of auroral emission glows above Saturn’s north pole.
Posted inNews

Saturn’s Powerful Winds Explain Changes in the Length of Its Day

Katherine Kornei, Science Writer by Katherine Kornei 17 March 20228 August 2022

Atmospheric winds moving at more than 7,000 kilometers per hour distort Saturn’s magnetic field, revealing why spacecraft have measured changes in the length of a day on the ringed world.

Detailed image shows sculpted layers of ice at Mars’s south pole.
Posted inNews

The Bumpy Search for Liquid Water at the South Pole of Mars

Damond Benningfield, Science Writer by Damond Benningfield 8 March 20228 March 2022

Studies since 2018 have provided competing explanations of bright radar reflections from the base of the south polar ice cap.

Lofted dust layers over the Andes mountains
Posted inNews

Iodine-Laden Desert Dust Is Eating at Ozone Pollution

by Jackie Rocheleau 28 February 202228 February 2022

In a happy accident, scientists found a potential solution to an atmospheric chemistry mystery. Their findings could be a missing piece in the iodine cycle and in atmospheric models.

An earthquake damaged a paved road in Calexico, Calif., in 2010.
Posted inNews

Searching for Earthquakes in the Ionosphere

by Nathaniel Scharping 25 February 202212 April 2022

Earthquakes may release bursts of electrical energy that can be felt in the ionosphere, kilometers above Earth. The theory remains controversial, though.

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Features from AGU Publications

Research Spotlights

An Ecosystem Never Forgets

19 December 202519 December 2025
Editors' Highlights

Frictional Properties of the Nankai Accretionary Prism

11 December 20259 December 2025
Editors' Vox

Hydrothermal Circulation and Its Impact on the Earth System

3 December 20253 December 2025
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