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basalts

Diagram of various mantle plume behaviors.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Modeling Mantle Dynamics as the Earth Slowly Cools

by Paul Asimow 19 February 202511 February 2025

An update of the convection code ASPECT enables full coupling of plume dynamics with buoyancy effects of transition zone phase relations, showing how early layering gave way to whole-mantle plumes.

Photos of calcite crystals in a basalt core.
Posted inEditors' Vox

Turning Carbon into Stone: Unlocking Mineralization in Fractured Rock

by Haylea Nisbet and Hari Viswanathan 29 January 202529 January 2025

Carbon mineralization is a promising solution for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, but we must learn to optimize the complex interplay between reactions and mechanics in fractures to develop a scalable solution.

Illustrations from the study.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Magma Diversity in Iceland

by Peter Zeitler 19 December 202419 December 2024

Iceland’s recent basalt eruptions originated at the crust-mantle boundary and show chemical variability over remarkably short timescales of weeks, suggesting exchanges between diverse magma sources.

A colorful map with data points.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Compositional Anomalies Complicate Our Model of Mantle Convection

by Thorsten W. Becker 20 November 202420 November 2024

A new study expands on recent research which suggests that oceanic crust accumulates in the mid-mantle. The new seismological constraints advance our understanding of thermo-chemical planetary evolution.

Orange and yellow lava shoots out of a black mound.
Posted inNews

Hot Spot Lavas Around the World May Have Something in Common

by Bill Morris 23 October 202423 October 2024

A global study of lavas from volcanic hot spots suggests that contrary to accepted wisdom, Earth’s deep mantle may have the same composition throughout. Not everyone is convinced, however.

Swirly white and black rock
Posted inNews

From First Continents to Fancy Countertops

by Tom Metcalfe 18 April 202420 June 2024

A new study suggests melting gabbros may have helped form Earth’s first continents, riling a long-standing debate.

Graph from the paper
Posted inEditors' Highlights

The Depleted Mantle Merry-Go-Round 

by Vincent Salters 5 April 20234 August 2023

Abyssal peridotites show through their isotopic composition a complex history. From differences we can infer the existence of ultra depleted mantle and an uneven contribution to ridge magmatism.

View of steep hills with exposures of dark rock as well as patches of green vegetation
Posted inFeatures

Baked Contacts Focus a Lens on Ancient Lava Flows

by Anthony Pivarunas, Margaret Avery, Joseph Biasi and Leif Karlstrom 1 February 202325 May 2023

Two studies, conducted 40 years apart, show how combining field observations and thermal modeling can reconstruct the history of massive lava flows and how they altered the surrounding landscape.

World map
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Machine Learning Looks Anew at Isotope Ratios in Oceanic Basalts

by Paul Asimow 25 October 202224 October 2022

While past attempts to define isotopic endmembers and assign them a geodynamic significance ended in controversy, a machine-learning clustering algorithm offers a solution to this classical problem.

La visión de un artista que nos ofrece una visión de la formación de los planetas: Cerca de la estrella, las partículas de polvo se convierten en planetesimales y planetas similares a la Tierra. En la parte más lejana, el gas se acumula en los núcleos planetarios para la formación de gigantes similares a Júpiter.
Posted inNews

Isótopos de criptón proporcionan nuevos indicios sobre el pasado de los planetas

by Carolyn Wilke 21 October 202217 March 2023

Para determinar cómo los elementos cruciales para el desarrollo de la vida llegaron a la Tierra, los científicos estudian los gases nobles. Actualmente, métodos mejorados traen consigo nuevos indicios a partir del criptón, el gas noble más enigmático.

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Inferring River Discharge from Google Earth Images

20 May 202515 May 2025
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