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erosion & weathering

Researchers assess how rough seafloor terrain influences waves
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Modeling Ocean Waves over Rocky Reefs

by S. Witman 12 July 201724 February 2023

A field survey in Australia links rugged seafloor terrain to erosion-causing waves.

Impact craters on Mercury’s surface reveal how fast the planet’s topography is changing
Posted inResearch Spotlights

How Quickly Is Mercury’s Surface Evolving?

by Terri Cook 26 June 20176 March 2023

New measurements of impact craters on Mercury’s smooth plains suggest that the topography of the solar system’s innermost planet is changing at twice the rate of landforms on the Moon.

Aletsch glacier seen from Jungfraujoch.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Cosmic Muons Reveal the Land Hidden Under Ice

by Jenny Lunn 23 May 201730 September 2022

Scientists accurately map the shape of the bedrock beneath a glacier using a new technique.

Researchers look at offshore sediments to trace the history of the world’s tallest coastal mountain range
Posted inResearch Spotlights

A Mountain Range's History Preserved in Ocean Sediments

by Terri Cook 7 April 201729 June 2022

Fission track dating core samples from the Gulf of Alaska demonstrates that offshore sediments can be used to reconstruct a mountain range's changing exhumation patterns.

Oil spills can have bigger impacts on coastal wetlands than hurricanes.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Oil Residues Accelerate Coastal Wetland Losses

Elizabeth Thompson by E. Jacobsen 28 December 201618 May 2022

Coastal wetland loss after an oil spill can be more extensive than after a hurricane.

Researchers think the depth of hollows on Mercury’s surface aren’t determined by the volatile-rich outer layer on the planet surface.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Unprecedented Views of Mercury Constrain Hollow Formation

by Terri Cook 10 November 201625 August 2022

The consistently shallow depths of the depressions scattered across Mercury's surface suggest their morphology is not determined by the thickness of a volatile-rich outer layer.

orbiter-data-shows-frost-not-liquid-water-helped-Martian-gullies-formation
Posted inResearch Spotlights

How Do Gullies Form on Mars?

Sarah Stanley, Science Writer by Sarah Stanley 26 August 201628 July 2022

New orbiter data support an important role for seasonal frost—not liquid water—in the formation of Martian gullies.

Curiosity-rover-mineral-samples-liquid-groundwater-oxygen-atmosphere-Mars
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Minerals Hint at Liquid Groundwater, More Oxygen in Mars's Past

Sarah Stanley, Science Writer by Sarah Stanley 5 August 20163 January 2023

Manganese deposits in Gale Crater fractures are similar to Earth features that usually require flowing water and highly oxidizing conditions.

The ancient megafloods that carved canyons on Earth and Mars may have been smaller—but lasted longer—than previously thought.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Reconstructing Catastrophic Floods on Earth and Mars

Sarah Stanley, Science Writer by Sarah Stanley 26 July 201623 February 2023

A new theoretical model suggests that ancient floods that carved canyons on Earth and Mars may have been much smaller but lasted longer than previously thought.

An enhanced-color view from NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment(HiRISE) shows rugged, canyon walls surfaces where Recurring Slope Lineae (RSL) are frequently detected in Coprates Chasma, Valles Marineris
Posted inResearch Spotlights

A Cluster of Water Seeps on Mars?

by Terri Cook 25 July 201628 July 2022

The discovery of dense concentrations of recurring flowlike features in two Valles Marineris chasms could aid in the search for life and influence future exploration of the Red Planet.

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Over a dark blue-green square appear the words Special Report: The State of the Science 1 Year On.

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3 February 20263 February 2026
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Tsunamis from the Sky

3 February 20263 February 2026
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