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space weather (hazard)

Coronal mass ejection.
Posted inScience Updates

Predictive Capability for Extreme Space Weather Events

by A. S. Sharma, E. E. Kalnay and M. Bonadonna 26 April 201722 April 2022

Workshop on Modeling and Prediction of Extreme Space Weather Events; College Park, Maryland, 22–24 August 2016

The Sun’s magnetic field lines, shown here using a model, can further twist and loop after they encounter near-Earth space.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Explaining Unexpected Twists in the Sun's Magnetic Field

by Mark Zastrow 4 April 201718 July 2023

New research shows how the Sun's magnetic field can shift when it approaches Earth, which can throw off space weather forecasts.

Understanding how solar storms subside will help to improve future forecasting
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Scientists Probe the Calm After Solar Storms

by Mark Zastrow 21 March 201721 February 2023

In forecasting the effects of solar storms, understanding how they subside—and not just how they arrive—will be crucial.

New research shows how lightning-triggered plasma waves in Earth's magnetosphere trigger processes that can threaten satellites
Posted inResearch Spotlights

How Lightning Creates "Killer Electrons" in Earth's Radiation Belts

by Mark Zastrow 14 March 201718 January 2023

New calculations show that lightning-triggered plasma waves in Earth's magnetosphere absorb energy from slow particles and energize electrons to levels that can damage satellites severely.

Researchers track how weather close to Earth’s surface influences the ionosphere.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

When Lower-Atmosphere Waves Invade the Upper Atmosphere

Leah Crane by L. Crane 28 February 201719 October 2021

A review of the literature shows that weather nearer Earth's surface could produce up to 35% of the ionosphere's variability.

Nonglacial upland surface in the mountains of northern Sweden.
Posted inScience Updates

Deciphering the Cosmogenic Code to Learn Earth's Surface History

by A. P. Stroeven, D. Fink and M. Caffee 28 November 201623 March 2023

Third Nordic Workshop on Cosmogenic Nuclide Techniques; Stockholm, Sweden, 8–10 June 2016

PG5 is one of the most remote sites in the Autonomous Adaptive Low-Power Instrument Platforms (AAL-PIP) array
Posted inScience Updates

Space Weather from a Southern Point of View

by M. D. Hartinger, C. Robert Clauer and Z. Xu 27 October 201616 November 2021

A recently completed instrument array in Antarctica provides a more complete understanding of the near-Earth space environment.

Nighttime photograph of the continental United States.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Mapping Geoelectric Hazards Across the United States

Leah Crane by L. Crane 13 October 20165 July 2022

Variations in Earth’s magnetic field can induce electric fields in the ground, driving damaging currents through our power grids.

Scientists successfully simulate coronal mass ejections in their laboratory.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Lab Experiment Tests What Triggers Massive Solar Eruptions

Sarah Stanley, Science Writer by Sarah Stanley 7 October 201631 May 2022

In a first-of-its-kind demonstration, scientists provide experimental support for a possible mechanism behind the formation of coronal mass ejections.

Artist’s representation of the signals from GPS satellites being interrupted when Swarm satellites fly into strong equatorial plasma irregularities.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

What Causes GPS Signal Loss on Satellites like Swarm?

Leah Crane by L. Crane 23 September 201627 January 2022

Using data from the European Space Agency's Swarm mission, scientists find that abrupt drops in the ionosphere's electron density may cause low-orbiting satellites to lose contact with GPS satellites

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