Aerial photo of smoke billowing from a wildfire.
Satellite image of the Camp Fire about 90 miles north of Sacramento, California on November 8, 2018. Credit: NASA
Editors’ Highlights are summaries of recent papers by AGU’s journal editors.
Source: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

The 2018 Camp Fire was the deadliest and most destructive wildfire in California history. The Camp Fire spread extremely rapidly, driven by strong winds and dry fuels, but also by organized long-range spotting, i.e. lofting and downwind fallout of burning embers to ignite new fires.

Using operational Doppler radar and satellite observations, Lareau [2026] provides the first high resolution depiction of spotting behavior during an extreme wildfire. Observations show that spot fire events for the Camp Fire occurred 5-10 kilometers ahead of the fire front, quickly merging into new fire lines. Spot fires are not random but aligned within coherent fallout zones that are shaped by plume dynamics and background winds. These results show that operational weather radar can identify lofting and fallout regions in real time, providing a new way to anticipate spotting-driven fire spread and improve early warnings for fast-moving wildfires.

(a) Along wind cross section of Camp Fire plume reflectivity observed by radar measurements, showing distinct updrafts (white arrows) and ashfall regions (blue dashed arrow). Spot fires within 10 minutes of these radar measurements are shown as filled cyan triangles. (b) Map of column maximum radar reflectivity and fire perimeter. In both panels the black dashed line indicates the eastern edge of the town of Paradise, California. Credit: Lareau [2026], Figure 6ab

Citation: Lareau, N. P. (2026). Plume-coupled long-range spotting drove the explosive spread of the 2018 Camp Fire. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 131, e2025JD045798. https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JD045798

—William Randel, Editor, JGR: Atmospheres

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