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lava & magma

Photo of a rock outcrop
Posted inEditors' Vox

The Seven-Ages of Earth as Seen Through the Continental Lens

by Peter A. Cawood and Priyadarshi Chowdhury 24 February 202320 June 2024

The 4.5-billion-year record contained in Earth’s continental crust reveals a seven-phase evolution, from an initial magma ocean to the present-day environment in which we live.

View of steep hills with exposures of dark rock as well as patches of green vegetation
Posted inFeatures

Baked Contacts Focus a Lens on Ancient Lava Flows

by Anthony Pivarunas, Margaret Avery, Joseph Biasi and Leif Karlstrom 1 February 202325 May 2023

Two studies, conducted 40 years apart, show how combining field observations and thermal modeling can reconstruct the history of massive lava flows and how they altered the surrounding landscape.

A pebble-sized meteorite sits next to a dime for scale.
Posted inNews

Martian Meteorites Offer a Tantalizing Glimpse of the Red Planet

Katherine Kornei, Science Writer by Katherine Kornei 23 November 202223 November 2022

By studying these literal chunks of Mars, scientists are learning more about the Red Planet’s deep interior and impact history.

diagram of a subduction zone
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Tracing Oxidizing Slab Fluids in Cold Volcanic Arcs

by Susanne Straub 28 October 202215 November 2022

Elevated copper isotope ratios in arc magmas from fluid-rich cold subduction zones support the role of oxidizing fluids from the subducted lithospheric serpentinite in the oxidization of arc magmas.

A mass of steaming, orange-glowing lava consumes a street sign as it flows over a roadway.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

A Better Operational Lava Flow Model

by Morgan Rehnberg 26 October 202226 October 2022

By segmenting the vertical structure of a lava flow, the Lava2d model provides more realism to operational lava forecasts.

Two block diagrams that show how the George Sound shear zone (GSSZ) grew through the crust in space and time.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Feedbacks Between Deformation and Magmatism as Shear Zones Grow

by Alexis Ault 29 September 202228 September 2022

New research reveals how the presence and absence of magmatism governs how shear zones initiate, grow, and reactivate to connect lower and upper crustal deformation.

A snow-capped volcano appears against a bright blue sky and is reflected in lake water of the same bright blue. In the foreground are green shrubs and a boulder.
Posted inNews

Supervolcanoes Linger a While, Then Rush to Erupt

Damond Benningfield, Science Writer by Damond Benningfield 12 September 202212 September 2022

Geologists examined crystals in rock from four massive eruptions in the Chilean Andes.

A circular hole drilled into Gale Crater on Mars.
Posted inNews

Unraveling the Mystery of a Rare Mineral on Mars

by Clarissa Wright 7 September 20223 January 2023

The discovery of tridymite in Mars’s Gale Crater triggered debate about the rare mineral’s origins. A research team recently suggested a scenario with explosive implications.

Satellite image of ancient lava flows on Mars
Posted inNews

This One Simple Trick Helps Us Understand How Much Water Is in Martian Lavas

Erik Klemetti, Science Writer by Erik Klemetti 24 August 202216 September 2022

Understanding how much water is in Martian magma is vital for understanding whether the Red Planet had seas in its early history.

A diagram and a graph showing how ocean island eruptions are much more likely to exhibit SO2 degassing and deformation.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Why Do Arc Volcanoes Deform Less Than Ocean Island Volcanoes?

by Paul Asimow 15 August 202215 November 2022

Volcanic ground deformation is not simply correlated with erupted volume. Researchers propose that high concentrations of magmatic volatiles make systems more compressible and suppress deformation.

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Features from AGU Publications

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Coherent, Not Chaotic, Migration in the Brahmaputra-Jamuna River

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Editors' Highlights

Deep Root Respiration Helps Break Down Rocks

2 July 20252 July 2025
Editors' Vox

Water Tracks: The Veins of Thawing Landscapes

25 June 202525 June 2025
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