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lava & magma

Scientists stand at the crater rim at Kīlauea Volcano on 26 October 2019
Posted inFeatures

From Lava to Water: A New Era at Kīlauea

by P. A. Nadeau, A. K. Diefenbach, S. Hurwitz and D. A. Swanson 25 September 20204 October 2021

At Kīlauea Volcano, scientists are using unoccupied aircraft to monitor the new water lake, a possible harbinger of explosive activity, that formed after the volcano’s 2018 eruption.

Schematic showing behavior of magma in the Main Ethiopian Rift
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Gas-Rich, Transcrustal Magma Storage in the Main Ethiopian Rift

by Claudio Faccenna 14 August 202024 March 2023

Increments of melt trapped in crystals reveal upper crustal magmas in the Main Ethiopian Rift are rich in water and other volatiles, leading to extensive diffuse degassing and hydrothermal systems.

Dazzlingly lush canopy of the Akatarawa Forest, New Zealand
Posted inNews

New Evidence of a Giant Lava Lamp Beneath the Ancient Pacific

by Kate Evans 1 July 20204 October 2021

Seismic surveys find evidence of a superplume in Earth’s mantle that fueled ancient megaeruptions in the Pacific.

Steamboat Geyser in Yellowstone National Park
Posted inNews

Are Geysers a Signal of Magma Intrusion Under Yellowstone?

by Erik Klemetti 29 May 202027 October 2021

Steamboat Geyser, the world’s tallest, is in the midst of one of its largest periods of activity. Is it linked to new magma intruding under the Yellowstone caldera?

An explosion from Kīlauea Volcano’s summit sends an ash plume into the sky on 27 May 2018.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Fault Dips Figured in Kīlauea’s Caldera Collapse

by David Shultz 6 January 20206 October 2021

Large-volume volcanic eruptions can create instabilities in the ground above magma chambers, leading to massive collapses and telltale calderas.

Ethan Baxter examining garnet samples on an island cliff in Sifnos, Greece
Posted inNews

Using Garnets to Explore Arc Magma Oxidation

by R. Crowell 26 November 20195 October 2022

Samples collected from Greece help researchers piece together a scientific puzzle.

Ganymede, Europa, and Io are in resonant orbits around Jupiter
Posted inFeatures

Does Io Have a Magma Ocean?

by A. McEwen, K. de Kleer and R. Park 18 October 201910 November 2021

Future space missions will further our knowledge of tidal heating and orbital resonances, processes thought to create spectacular volcanism and oceans of magma or water on other worlds.

Photo of an ash-covered, densely populated tropical neighborhood and canal
Posted inNews

Explosive Volcanic Eruption Powered by Water-Saturated Magma

by Katherine Kornei 26 September 201913 January 2023

Little seismic unrest preceded the 2014 eruption of a stratovolcano in Indonesia, which suggests that the eruption was kick-started internally by volatile-triggered overpressure.

Aerial photo of an erupting volcano
Posted inNews

Crystal Clocks Serve as Stopwatch for Magma Storage and Travel Times

by Mary Caperton Morton 12 August 201910 October 2021

Magma stored for 1,000 years in an Icelandic volcano journeyed to the surface in just 4 days.

Graph showing the possible melting curve of hydrogen-bearing iron peroxide
Posted inEditors' Highlights

The Lower Mantle May Have a Wet Bottom

by S. W. Parman 6 August 201912 October 2021

Molecular dynamics calculations suggest that molten hydrogen-bearing iron peroxide (FeO2Hx) may produce the ultra-low velocity zones that occur at the core-mantle boundary.

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