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Modeling

The coal-fired Rajpura Thermal Power Plant sits behind a field of sunflowers in Rajpura, Punjab, India.
Posted inNews

Emissions from Coal-Fired Power Plants May Lower Crop Yields in India

by Pragathi Ravi 2 April 20252 April 2025

Nitrogen dioxide may reduce wheat and rice crops by more than 10%, according to a new study.

Diagram from the study.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Taking Our Paleoceanographic Tools to the Next Level

by David Thornalley 2 April 202527 March 2025

A new modeling study shows that to accurately interpret data derived from an iconic proxy of past Atlantic overturning strength, we must consider the complex factors governing the proxy systematics.

Illustration of a cross section of Earth with magnetic field lines.
Posted inEditors' Vox

An Earth System Science Approach to Geophysics

by Steven R. Dickman 1 April 202528 March 2025

With an underlying universal theme of convection, a new textbook introduces upper-level geology, geophysics, physics, and engineering students to the geophysics behind the Earth System.

Six penguins walk along a rocky outcrop. Snowy mountains are in the background.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Forecasting the Future of Southern Ocean Ecosystems

by Rebecca Owen 26 March 202526 March 2025

A new ensemble of marine ecosystem models aims to improve understanding of how climate change will affect the waters surrounding Antarctica.

Close up view of the surface of dark-colored rock containing several large pale green crystals. The tip of a pen appears beside the rock for scale.
Posted inScience Updates

The Deep Frontier of Mantle Magma Supply

by Ben Black, Samer Naif, Forrest Horton, Andrea Goltz and Cian Wilson 25 March 202525 March 2025

Compared with crustal magma systems, little is known about the deep sources of volcanic supply chains. Interdisciplinary efforts can help answer key questions about how magma migrates from the mantle.

4 maps of Antarctica with different model results projected onto them.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Subglacial Hydrology Under the Antarctic Ice Sheet

by Minghua Zhang 25 March 202525 March 2025

Using simulations of subglacial hydrology, a new study shows the volume and movement of meltwater underneath the Antarctic Ice Sheet.

Diagram of the model presented in the paper.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Hawai’i’s Depleted Peridotite Delivers More Magma

by Vincent Salters 24 March 202524 March 2025

The source for the isotopically-enriched Hawaiian magmas contains peridotites that experienced near-surface melting prior incorporation in the plume.

An aerial view of crevasses crisscrossing the surface of a glacier
Posted inNews

Crevasses on the Greenland Ice Sheet Are Growing

by Skyler Ware 14 March 202514 March 2025

High-resolution 3D maps show crevasse volume is increasing across most of the Greenland Ice Sheet as it accelerates toward the ocean, which could affect future ice loss and sea level rise.

Photo of Mars' surface.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Explaining Mars’ Mysteriously Magnetic Crust

by Sonia Tikoo 13 March 202513 March 2025

Fluid-rock interactions on ancient Mars may have produced abundant magnetic minerals that preserved unusually intense records of the planet’s now-extinct magnetic field.

Illustration of the driving forces of erosion.
Posted inEditors' Vox

Erosion: An Overlooked Contributor to the Carbon Cycle

by Haiyan Zheng and Chiyuan Miao 13 March 202512 March 2025

Since physical and chemical erosion yield comparable carbon fluxes, studying both together is essential to avoid biases in erosion-driven carbon flux estimates.

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Features from AGU Publications

Research Spotlights

Orbiter Pair Expands View of Martian Ionosphere

20 June 202519 June 2025
Editors' Highlights

Coupled Isotopes Reveal Sedimentary Sources of Rare Metal Granites

17 June 202516 June 2025
Editors' Vox

Inside Volcanic Clouds: Where Tephra Goes and Why It Matters

16 June 202512 June 2025
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