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Modeling

Posted inEditors' Highlights

A Drier or Wetter Future for Southwestern North America?

by Susan Trumbore 31 December 202217 February 2023

Bhattacharya et al. present evidence that expansion of the North American Monsoon explains a wetter southwest in the mid-Pliocene and suggest this mechanism can explain current monsoon variations.

On the right is the first stratigraphic section of the Grand Canyon, from Powell’s 1875 report, showing what would later be termed the Great Unconformity. A is the metamorphic basement—the oldest rocks that have been contorted. B is the Precambrian Grand Canyon Supergroup, which is composed of tilted sedimentary rocks that lack fossil assemblages. C indicates flat-lying Paleozoic rocks, which contain fossils marking the explosion of life. Two unconformities can be seen at x and y, with the former marking the Great Unconformity. The image on the left is a recent photograph of the Grand Canyon from Walhalla Plateau, with the red line showing the Great Unconformity. Blue lines trace the tilted layers below the famed surface, and yellow lines trace the flat-lying sedimentary rocks on top.
Posted inNews

The Great Unconformity or Great Unconformities?

by Alka Tripathy-Lang 23 December 202231 January 2023

Some scientists think the Great Unconformity was caused by Snowball Earth’s glaciations. Recent work suggests these phenomena might not be related.

Mountains and blue sky in the background, with green pastures in the foreground. A road extends from the foreground toward the mountains.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

New Tectonic Plate Model Could Improve Earthquake Risk Assessment

by Morgan Rehnberg 21 December 202218 January 2023

A new model of tectonic plates in New Zealand may identify areas of increased earthquake likelihood.

An illustrated scientific diagram shows how groundwater interacts with the rest of the water cycle.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Groundwater Replenishes Much Faster Than Scientists Previously Thought

Rachel Fritts, Science Writer by Rachel Fritts 20 December 202220 December 2022

A new climate-based model indicates that scientists may be underestimating groundwater’s importance in sustaining streams and plant life.

Posted inEditors' Highlights

Outsourcing the Work of Industrial Climate Science

by Bjorn Stevens 15 December 202210 April 2023

Climate science is increasingly structured in ways that subcontract repetitive activities to graduate students. Here, early career researchers raise the issue and explore some tradeoffs.

Posted inEditors' Highlights

Measuring the Microstructure of Snow from Space

by Bjorn Stevens 15 December 20224 January 2023

There is more to snow than flakes. Microwave measurements are shown to be capable of illuminating the microstructure of snow in ways that will improve our ability to monitor snow fields from space.

A 2017 landslide in Freetown, Sierra Leone, killed an estimated 1,100 residents, largely in informal settlements.
Posted inNews

Protecting Poor Neighborhoods from Landslide Risk

by J. Besl 8 December 20221 June 2023

As low-income, informal settlements bloom in the tropics, their risk of landslides increases. A new modeling tool incorporates urbanization factors to protect the region’s poorest neighborhoods.

Diagram showing the molecular hydrogen in Callisto’s atmosphere.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Callisto’s H Corona: Offspring of the Surface or the Atmosphere?

by Beatriz Sánchez-Cano and Anni Määttänen 7 December 202222 July 2024

The mostly unknown Callisto’s H corona is created by a global tenuous H2 atmosphere and not by surface water as previously believed, providing the first evidence for H2 in Callisto’s atmosphere.

Satellite image showing parts of Africa, North America, and South America, as well as several tropical storm systems over the Atlantic Ocean.
Posted inResearch Spotlights

Linking African Winds to Atlantic Storms

Sarah Stanley, Science Writer by Sarah Stanley 7 December 20226 January 2023

Simulations suggest that waves in the atmosphere above northern Africa influence the intensity, timing, and location of formation of Atlantic tropical cyclones.

Two maps using color to show sea level and resulting self-attraction and loading field.
Posted inEditors' Highlights

Accurate Ocean Tides for Earth System Models

by Stephen M. Griffies 1 December 202216 February 2023

Accurate tide models require self-attraction and loading terms, but can this calculation be done accurately and efficiently for use in global tide and Earth system models?

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Features from AGU Publications

Research Spotlights

Key Driver of Extreme Winds on Venus Identified

19 November 202519 November 2025
Editors' Highlights

Complex Plumbing Dynamics for Kīlauea Volcano  

19 November 202519 November 2025
Editors' Vox

Echoes From the Past: How Land Reclamation Slowly Modifies Coastal Environments

19 November 202519 November 2025
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